電気バス市場規模、シェア、動向、2032年までの世界予測

Electric Bus Market - Global Forecast to 2032

電気バス市場 – 推進力(BEV、FCEV)、バッテリー(LFP、NMC、NCA)、全長(9m未満、9~14m、14m超)、バッテリー容量(400kWh以上、400kWh超)、用途、座席数、航続距離、出力、自律性レベル、コンポーネント、消費者、地域別 – 2032年までの世界予測
Electric Bus Market by Propulsion (BEV, FCEV), Battery (LFP, NMC, NCA), Length (<9, 9-14, >14m), Battery Capacity (=400 & >400kWh), Application, Seating Capacity, Range, Power Output, Autonomy Level, Component, Consumer and Region - Global Forecast to 2032

商品番号 : SMB-12687

出版社MarketsandMarkets
出版年月2025年9月
ページ数430
図表数557
価格タイプシングルユーザライセンス
価格USD 4,950
種別英文調査報告書

電気バス市場は2025年に238億米ドル規模となり、年平均成長率(CAGR)14.0%で成長し、2032年には596億米ドルに達するとMarketsandMarketsでは予測しています。

MarketsandMarkets(マーケッツアンドマーケッツ)「電気バス市場 – 推進力(BEV、FCEV)、バッテリー(LFP、NMC、NCA)、全長(9m未満、9~14m、14m超)、バッテリー容量(400kWh以上、400kWh超)、用途、座席数、航続距離、出力、自律性レベル、コンポーネント、消費者、地域別 – 2032年までの世界予測 – Electric Bus Market by Propulsion (BEV, FCEV), Battery (LFP, NMC, NCA), Length (<9, 9-14, >14m), Battery Capacity (=400 & >400kWh), Application, Seating Capacity, Range, Power Output, Autonomy Level, Component, Consumer and Region – Global Forecast to 2032」は世界の電気バス市場を調査し、主要セグメント別に分析・予測を行っています。

この調査では、電気バス市場をセグメント化し、推進力(BEV、FCEV)、航続距離(最大300マイル、300マイル以上)、バスの長さ(9メートル未満、9〜14メートル、14メートル以上)、消費者(個人、政府)、用途(路線バス、コーチ、スクールバスなど)、バッテリー容量(最大400 kWh、400 kWh以上)、コンポーネント(モーター、バッテリー、燃料電池スタック、バッテリー管理システム、バッテリー冷却システム、DC-DCコンバータ、インバータ、AC/DC充電器、EVコネクタ)、自律性のレベル(半自律、自律)、出力(最大250 kW、250 kW以上)、座席数(最大40席、40〜70席、70席以上)、GVW(最大10トン、10〜20トン以上)に基づいて市場規模を予測しています。電気バス市場(20トン)および地域(アジア太平洋、北米、中東・アフリカ(MEA)、欧州、ラテンアメリカ)における新興スタートアップ企業/中小企業の競争力分析を網羅しています。

本レポートは、電気バス市場全体および各サブセグメントの収益数値の近似値に関する情報を提供し、市場リーダー企業および新規参入企業にとって役立ちます。包括的な市場シェア分析、サプライチェーン分析、部品メーカーの詳細なリストと分析、材料に基づく各章のセグメンテーション、徹底的なサプライチェーン分析、そして競合状況が含まれています。また、ステークホルダーが市場の動向を把握し、主要な市場牽引要因、制約要因、課題、そして機会に関する情報を提供するのにも役立ちます。

世界の電気バス市場は、政府の支援と大幅な技術進歩に牽引され、着実な成長を遂げています。バッテリーのエネルギー密度と充電速度の向上は、航続距離不安などの懸念を解消し、電気バスの運行性能をディーゼル車に匹敵させることを可能にします。高度なバッテリー管理システムの開発とLFPバッテリーケミストリーの採用は、安全性、寿命、効率性を向上させます。さらに、車両ライフサイクル全体を通じて燃料費とメンテナンス費が低いため、総所有コスト(TCO)は電気バスの需要を促進する重要な要因の一つです。

主な掲載内容

  • 市場概観
    • 市場ダイナミクス
      • 市場成長促進要因
      • 市場成長阻害要因
      • 機会
      • 課題
  • 業界動向
    • AI/生成AIが電気バス市場の影響
    • 貿易分析
    • エコシステム分析
    • サプライチェーン分析
    • 総保有コスト:ディーゼルバスと電気バスの比較
    • 価格分析
    • 特許分析
    • 法規制環境
      • 北米
      • 欧州
      • アジア太平洋地域
      • ラテンアメリカ
      • 中東&アフリカ
      • 地域別規制機関、政府機関、その他団体
    • ケーススタディ分析
    • 顧客のビジネスに影響を与える動向/ディスラプション
    • 部品表分析
    • 主要会議&イベント 2025-2026年
    • 主要ステークホルダーと購入基準
    • サプライヤ分析
    • 投資&資金調達シナリオ
  • OEM(完成車メーカー)分析
    • 電気バスと内燃機関バスモデル:全長と座席数比較
    • 電気バスモデル:前兆と座席数比較
    • バッテリー容量と走行距離とPAXの比較
    • OEM別電気バス売上 2021-2025年
    • OEMおよび地域別電気バス用駆動モーターサプライヤ
    • OEMおよび地域別電気バス用バッテリーセルサプライヤ
    • 電気バス:OEMでの搭載バッテリー容量 2021-2025年
  • 技術分析
    • 技術分析
    • 主要技術
    • 関連技術
    • 補完技術
  • 電気バス市場:バスの全長
    • 6メートル未満
    • 9-14メートル
    • 14メートル超
  • 電気バス市場:バッテリータイプ
    • NMCバッテリー
    • LFPバッテリー
    • NCAバッテリー
    • その他のバッテリー
  • 電気バス市場:バッテリー容量
    • 400KWh以下
    • 400KWh以上
  • 電気バス市場:出力
    • 250キロワット以下
    • 250キロワット以上
  • 電気バス市場:距離
    • 300マイル以下
    • 300マイル以上
  • 電気バス市場:座席数
    • 40席以下
    • 40-70席
    • 70席以上
  • 電気バス市場:用途
    • 市内/輸送バス
    • コーチ(長距離バス)
    • スクールバス
    • その他の用途
  • 電気バス市場:消費者
    • 個人
    • 政府
  • 電気バス市場:自動車総荷重
    • 10トン以下
    • 10-20トン
    • 20トン以上
  • 電気バス市場:推進力
    • 電池式電気バス
    • 燃料電池式電気バス
  • 電気バス市場:コンポーネント
    • モーター
    • バッテリー
    • 燃料電池スタック
    • バッテリー管理システム
    • バッテリー冷却システム
    • DC-DCコンバータ
    • インバーター
    • AC-DCチャージャー
    • EVコネクタ
  • 電気バス市場:自動走行レベル
    • 準自動運転
    • 自動
  • 電気バス市場:地域
    • アジア太平洋地域
      • 中国
      • 日本
      • インド
      • 韓国
      • シンガポール
      • インドネシア
      • オーストラリア
    • 欧州
      • フランス
      • ドイツ
      • スペイン
      • イタリア
      • ノルウェー
      • スウェーデン
      • デンマーク
      • オランダ
      • ベルギー
      • 英国
      • フィンランド
      • ポーランド
    • 北米
      • 米国
      • カナダ
    • ラテンアメリカ
      • アルゼンチン
      • ブラジル
      • チリ
      • メキシコ
      • コロンビア
    • 中東&アフリカ
      • 南アフリカ
      • アラブ首長国連邦(UAE)
      • カタール
  • 競合勢力図
    • 主要プレイヤの戦略/勝つ権利
    • 電気バス市場シェア分析 2024年
    • 収益分析
    • 企業評価マトリクス:主要プレイヤ 2024年
    • 企業評価マトリクス:スタートアップ/中小企業 2024年
  • 企業情報
  • MarketsandMarketsの提言
  • 付録

Report Overview

The electric bus market is projected to grow from USD 23.80 billion in 2025 to USD 59.60 billion by 2032, at a CAGR of 14.0%. The global electric bus market is experiencing consistent growth, driven by government support and significant technological advancements. Improvements in battery energy density and charging speeds address concerns like range anxiety and allow electric buses to match the operational performance of diesel fleets. Developing advanced battery management systems and adopting LFP battery chemistry enhances safety, longevity, and efficiency. Additionally, the total cost of ownership (TCO) is one of the critical factors driving the demand for electric buses as they have lower fuel and maintenance costs over the vehicle’s lifecycle.

電気バス市場規模、シェア、動向、2032年までの世界予測
Electric Bus Market – Global Forecast to 2032

“The government sector is estimated to generate the largest demand for electric buses in 2025.”

Electric buses are poised to have significant applications in the government sector, primarily through public transit fleets, due to large-scale subsidies and mandates that enable widespread deployment for urban and intercity routes. National and city-level governments actively push local transport authorities to procure electric buses through subsidies, binding regulations, and fleet replacement mandates. For instance, China’s government has subsidized electric bus fleets in Shenzhen, resulting in over 16,000 public e-buses operated by municipal companies like Shenzhen Bus Group. In India, the FAME-II scheme provides ₹20-40 lakh subsidies per e-bus for state transport undertakings, leading to 7,120 public e-buses procured for municipal fleets like BEST in Mumbai, targeting 50,000 e-buses nationwide by 2027. The US Federal Transit Administration’s USD 1.7 billion allocation under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law has funded over 1,300 zero-emission public transit buses, as seen in Beaverton School District’s 28 e-school buses, covering 70% of Oregon’s public-school electric bus fleet. In Europe, the EU’s Clean Bus Deployment Initiative has driven 7,779 e-bus registrations in 2024 for public operators like Hochbahn in Hamburg, with subsidies for zero-emission fleets achieving 100% electrification targets by 2030.

電気バス市場規模、シェア、動向、2032年までの世界予測
Electric Bus Market

In contrast, private sector applications, such as corporate shuttles or delivery fleets, remain niche but lag due to higher upfront costs without equivalent government support. Private companies in the Netherlands operate public buses under government contracts; the scale and funding favor government-led initiatives, with private adoption limited to specialized uses like airport shuttles, where e-buses save USD 125,000 in maintenance over diesel counterparts but require custom infrastructure.

“The fuel cell electric bus market is projected to witness a positive growth rate during the forecast period.”

Fuel-cell electric buses (FCEVs) are gaining attention as a counterpart to battery electric buses (BEVs), especially for longer routes and regions with limited charging infrastructure. According to an electric bus magazine, in Europe, registrations of FCEV buses increased from 207 in 2023 to 378 in 2024, an 82% jump, yet they still represent only about 4.6% of zero-emission buses.

Major supply contracts related to FCEV buses include the public transport company (TPER) in Bologna, Italy, placing an order for 130 Solaris Urbino 12 hydrogen buses in late 2023, with deliveries planned from 2026. In the UK, Liverpool city introduced 20 Alexander Dennis Enviro400FCEVs in 2023, while Wrightbus (UK) delivered its Hydroliner FCEV double-decker buses to Cologne in 2024. In Asia, Hyundai’s Elec City FCEV has been commercially available since 2019 and has surpassed 1,000-unit sales in South Korea by September 2024. In India, the first hydrogen fuel-cell bus entered service in Ladakh in early 2025, marking an important milestone in challenging terrain.

The benefits of fuel cell buses compared to BEVs lie in their fast-refueling times and extended driving range, which make them better suited for intercity and regional services. However, FCEVs are less energy efficient, converting only 60 to 70% of energy compared to 85 to 90% for BEVs. These buses are also twice to three times as expensive as BEV buses. A 2023 study in Bolzano, Italy, found that the running costs of FCEBs were more than twice those of battery buses, primarily due to hydrogen production, distribution, and fueling infrastructure costs. This cost gap explains why only governments and public transport agencies opt for FCEVs rather than private operators.

“North America is projected to be one of the major electric bus markets.”

North America, particularly the US and Canada, is emerging as one of the most important markets for electric buses during the forecast period. In the US, the electric school bus segment is leading the transition from diesel to electric buses. This is backed by the EPA’s Clean School Bus Program, which is providing USD 5 billion in funding till 2026 to support the replacement of diesel school buses with electric alternatives. By late 2024, the EPA had awarded grants for nearly 12,000 electric school buses across 1,000 school districts, making it the region’s most significant single driver of demand. Transit agencies are also improving adoption, supported by the Federal Transit Administration’s Low-No Emission Vehicle Program (Low-No Program), which allocated USD 1.7 billion in 2023 and is expected to continue distributing funds through 2025 for zero-emission transit buses and charging infrastructure.

電気バス市場規模、シェア、動向、2032年までの世界予測 - 地域
Electric Bus Market – region

Canada is following a similar path, with the Zero Emission Transit Fund (ZETF) providing USD 2 billion in support till 2026 to help municipalities procure electric transit buses and build charging facilities. As of 2024, more than 700 electric buses have been sold in Canada, which is expected to increase further in 2025. These federal and state-level incentives are positioning the US and Canada as leaders in e-bus adoption in North America. While China and Europe still dominate in overall sales of electric buses, North America’s focus on electrifying both school buses is a unique regional characteristic.

The break-up of the profile of primary participants in the electric bus market is as follows:

  • By Company Type: Electric Bus OEM – 90%, Tier 1 – 10%
  • By Designation: C Level – 60%, Director-level – 30%, Others – 10%
  • By Region: North America– 10%, Europe – 40%, Asia Pacific – 50%

Prominent companies include BYD Company Ltd. (China), Yutong Co., Ltd. (China), Xiamen King Long (China), CRRC Corporation Limited (China), and Zhejiang Geely Holding Group (China), which are the leading manufacturers of electric buses in the global market.

Research Coverage:

The study segments the electric bus market and forecasts the market size based on propulsion (BEVs, FCEVs), range (up to 300 miles, above 300 miles),  the length of the bus (less than 9 m, 9-14 m, more than 14m), consumer (private, government), application (transit buses, coaches, school buses, and others), battery capacity (up to 400 kWh, Above 400 kWh), component (motors, batteries, fuel cell stacks, battery management systems, battery cooling systems, DC-DC converters, inverters, AC/DC chargers, EV connectors), the level of autonomy (semi-autonomous, autonomous), power output (up to 250 kW, above 250 kW), seating capacity (up to 40 seats, 40-70 seats, above 70 seats), by GVW (Up to 10 tonnes, 10 to 20 tonnes and above 20 tonnes), and region (Asia Pacific, North America, Middle East & Africa [MEA], Europe, and Latin America). This report covers the competitive analysis of upcoming startups/SMEs in the electric bus market ecosystem.

電気バス市場規模、シェア、動向、2032年までの世界予測 セグメント
Electric Bus Market – SEGMENTS

Reasons to buy this report:

The report will help the market leaders/new entrants with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall electric bus market and the subsegments. The report includes a comprehensive market share analysis, supply chain analysis, extensive lists and insights into component manufacturers, chapter segmentation based on materials, a thorough supply chain analysis, and a competitive landscape. The report also helps stakeholders understand the market pulse and provides information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.

The report provides insights into the following points:

  • Analysis of key drivers (rising GHG emissions, government incentives and policies, overall targets to reduce fleet-level emissions and increasing demand for emission-free vehicles), restraints (CNG and biofuel buses slowing the adoption of electric buses, safety concerns in EV batteries and high development cost), opportunities (development of advanced battery technologies, transition towards hydrogen fuel cell electric mobility), and challenges (high cost of developing charging infrastructure) influencing the growth of the electric bus market
  • Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights into upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and product & service launches in the electric bus market
  • Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets (the report analyzes the electric bus market across varied regions)
  • Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the electric bus market
  • Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players in the electric bus market, such as BYD Company Ltd. (China), Yutong Co., Ltd. (China), Xiamen King Long (China), CRRC Corporation Limited (China), and Zhejiang Geely Holding Group (China)

The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the electric bus market by providing them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.

Table of Contents

1            INTRODUCTION     33

1.1          STUDY OBJECTIVES            33

1.2          MARKET DEFINITION            34

1.3          STUDY SCOPE       34

1.3.1        MARKET SEGMENTATION AND REGIONAL SNAPSHOT     34

1.3.2        INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS          35

1.4          YEARS CONSIDERED           36

1.5          CURRENCY CONSIDERED     36

1.6          STAKEHOLDERS    37

1.7          SUMMARY OF CHANGES      38

2            RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 39

2.1          RESEARCH DATA  39

2.1.1        SECONDARY DATA              41

2.1.1.1     Key secondary sources          41

2.1.1.2     Key data from secondary sources         42

2.1.2        PRIMARY DATA     42

2.1.2.1     Primary participants 43

2.2          MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION  45

2.2.1        BOTTOM-UP APPROACH     45

2.3          DATA TRIANGULATION        47

2.4          FACTOR ANALYSIS             48

2.5          RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS AND RISK ASSESSMENT        49

2.6          RESEARCH LIMITATIONS     51

3            EXECUTIVE SUMMARY         52

4            PREMIUM INSIGHTS             56

4.1          ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN ELECTRIC BUS MARKET 56

4.2          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION        56

4.3          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE   57

4.4          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT        57

4.5          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER          58

4.6          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY           58

4.7          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE     59

4.8          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION       59

4.9          ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT   60

4.10        ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH 60

4.11        ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY            61

4.12        ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY GVW       61

4.13        ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION  62

5            MARKET OVERVIEW             63

5.1          INTRODUCTION     63

5.2          MARKET DYNAMICS             64

5.2.1        DRIVERS 65

5.2.1.1     Rising GHG emissions            65

5.2.1.1.1   Government incentives and policies       66

5.2.1.1.2   Target to reduce fleet-level emissions   68

5.2.1.2     Increasing demand for emission-free vehicles and decline in battery prices     68

5.2.2        RESTRAINTS         70

5.2.2.1     CNG and biofuel buses slowing adoption of electric buses    70

5.2.2.2     Safety concerns in EV batteries and high development costs              70

5.2.3        OPPORTUNITIES   73

5.2.3.1     Development of advanced battery technologies     73

5.2.3.2     Transition toward hydrogen fuel cell electric mobility           74

5.2.3.3     Emergence of charging services for electric buses 76

5.2.4        CHALLENGES        78

5.2.4.1     High cost of developing charging infrastructure     78

6            INDUSTRY TRENDS             80

6.1          IMPACT OF AI/GEN AI ON ELECTRIC BUS MARKET         80

6.2          TRADE ANALYSIS  80

6.2.1        IMPORT SCENARIO              80

6.2.2        EXPORT SCENARIO             83

6.3          ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS       85

6.4          SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS   87

6.5          TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP: DIESEL BUSES VS. ELECTRIC BUSES              88

6.5.1        COST COMPARISON: ELECTRIC BUSES VS. ICE BUSES   88

6.6          PRICING ANALYSIS              89

6.6.1        BY APPLICATION  89

6.6.2        BY PROPULSION   90

6.6.3        BY REGION           90

6.7          PATENT ANALYSIS              92

6.7.1        INTRODUCTION     92

6.8          REGULATORY LANDSCAPE  97

6.8.1        NORTH AMERICA   97

6.8.2        EUROPE  98

6.8.3        ASIA PACIFIC        99

6.8.4        LATIN AMERICA    100

6.8.5        MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA      100

6.8.6        REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, BY REGION        101

6.9          CASE STUDY ANALYSIS      105

6.9.1        COMPLETE TRANSITION TO ELECTRIC BUSES IN SHENZHEN, CHINA              105

6.9.2        ZENOBĒ HELPED STAGECOACH INCORPORATE CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE AND INSTALL CUSTOM MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE SYSTEM  106

6.9.3        A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS TO EVALUATE FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY OF DEPLOYING ELECTRIC BUS FLEETS THAT REDUCE EMISSIONS            106

6.9.4        ELECTRIC BUS DEPLOYMENT WITH INFRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES              108

6.9.5        HSL WAS AWARDED OPERATIONS BASED ON OPEN TENDERS UNDER CHARGING-AS-A-SERVICE (CAAS) BUSINESS MODEL       109

6.9.6        AI-POWERED SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTED TO HELP FLEET OPERATORS CHARGE ELECTRIC BUSES          109

6.9.7        HIGHLAND ELECTRIC FLEETS, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH NATIONAL GRID, PROVIDED ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUSES AND COORDINATED ITS PARTICIPATION IN V2G PROGRAM FOR SCHOOL BUSES 110

6.9.8        VERMONT ELECTRIC SCHOOL AND TRANSIT BUS PILOT PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED TO FACILITATE COST-EFFECTIVE ELECTRIFICATION              110

6.9.9        FLEET TEST & EVALUATION TEAM AT NREL SUPPORTED AVTA BY CONDUCTING ASSESSMENTS OF MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES, ELECTRIC BUSES, AND TROLLEYS     111

6.9.10      EVENERGI DEVELOPED FRAMEWORK TO DETERMINE OPTIMAL COMBINATION OF DEPOT LAYOUTS, CHARGER SPEEDS, AND CHARGER TYPES    111

6.10        TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS              112

6.11        BILL OF MATERIALS ANALYSIS          113

6.12        KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2025–2026   114

6.13        KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA    114

6.13.1      KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS       115

6.13.2      BUYING CRITERIA 115

6.14        SUPPLIER ANALYSIS           116

6.14.1      MAJOR ELECTRIC BUS BATTERY CELL MANUFACTURERS              116

6.14.2      KEY ELECTRIC BUS AXLE MANUFACTURERS    117

6.14.3      KEY ELECTRIC BUS HVAC SYSTEM MANUFACTURERS    118

6.14.4      MAJOR ELECTRIC BUS MOTOR MANUFACTURERS         119

6.15        INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO            119

7            OEM ANALYSIS     120

7.1          INTRODUCTION     120

7.2          ELECTRIC AND ICE BUS MODELS: LENGTH VS. NUMBER OF SEATS              120

7.3          ELECTRIC BUS MODELS: LENGTH VS. NUMBER OF SEATS              121

7.4          BATTERY CAPACITY VS. DRIVE RANGE VS. PAX             121

7.5          ELECTRIC BUS SALES BY OEMS, 2021–2025      123

7.6          ELECTRIC BUS DRIVE MOTOR SUPPLIERS, BY OEM AND REGION              124

7.7          ELECTRIC BUS BATTERY CELL SUPPLIERS, BY OEM AND REGION              125

7.8          ELECTRIC BUS, OEM-WISE INSTALLED BATTERY CAPACITIES, 2021–2025 (IN MWH)             126

8            TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS     128

8.1          TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS     128

8.1.1        FUTURE TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW     128

8.1.2        TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP     129

8.2          KEY TECHNOLOGIES           129

8.2.1        AUTONOMOUS BUSES         129

8.3          ADJACENT TECHNOLOGIES 130

8.3.1        CHARGING AS A SERVICE    130

8.3.2        BATTERY AS A SERVICE      130

8.3.3        PACKAGED FUEL CELL SYSTEM MODULE         130

8.3.4        METHANE FUEL CELLS        131

8.4          COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES    132

8.4.1        UPCOMING BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES              132

8.4.1.1     NMC4      132

8.4.1.2     Solid-state battery technology              132

8.4.1.3     Sodium-ion battery technology             132

8.4.2        INNOVATIVE CHARGING SOLUTIONS  133

8.4.2.1     Off-board top-down pantograph charging system  133

8.4.2.2     On-board bottom-up pantograph charging system 134

8.4.2.3     Ground-based static/dynamic charging system     134

9            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS   135

9.1          INTRODUCTION     136

9.2          LESS THAN 9 M     137

9.2.1        EASY MANEUVERING ON COMPACT ROADS     137

9.3          9–14 M    139

9.3.1        SUITABLE FOR FULL-DAY OPERATIONS           139

9.4          MORE THAN 14 M  141

9.4.1        GROWING NUMBER OF ARTICULATED ELECTRIC BUSES TO DRIVE MARKET 141

9.5          KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     142

10           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE     143

10.1        INTRODUCTION     144

10.2        NMC BATTERIES   146

10.2.1      INCREASED PREFERENCE FOR HIGH ENERGY DENSITY   146

10.3        LFP BATTERIES    148

10.3.1      DEMAND FOR LOW-COST AND GOOD THERMAL STABILITY              148

10.4        NCA BATTERIES    150

10.4.1      BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND LONG-LIFE CYCLE           150

10.5        OTHER BATTERIES              152

10.6        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     154

11           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY           155

11.1        INTRODUCTION     156

11.2        UP TO 400 KWH     157

11.2.1      DEPLOYMENT IN INTRACITY TRANSPORT TO PROPEL GROWTH              157

11.3        ABOVE 400 KWH    159

11.3.1      USED FOR LONG-DISTANCE COMMUTE            159

11.4        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     161

12           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT   162

12.1        INTRODUCTION     163

12.2        UP TO 250 KW       164

12.2.1      WIDELY USED IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT BUSES   164

12.3        ABOVE 250 KW      166

12.3.1      DEMAND FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE ELECTRIC BUSES TO DRIVE MARKET 166

12.4        KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS      168

13           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE   169

13.1        INTRODUCTION     170

13.2        UP TO 300 MILES   172

13.2.1      SUITABLE FOR URBAN AND SUBURBAN ROUTES WITH FREQUENT STOPS AND SHORTER DISTANCES BETWEEN CHARGING POINTS  172

13.3        ABOVE 300 MILES 174

13.3.1      INCREASING DEMAND FOR INTERCITY ELECTRIC BUSES TO DRIVE MARKET 174

13.4        KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS      176

14           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY            177

14.1        INTRODUCTION     178

14.2        UP TO 40 SEATS   179

14.2.1      NEED FOR ELECTRIC BUSES FOR SHORT-DISTANCE SHUTTLES TO DRIVE DEMAND     179

14.3        40–70 SEATS         181

14.3.1      SUITABLE FOR DENSELY POPULATED AREAS  181

14.4        ABOVE 70 SEATS  183

14.4.1      NEED FOR HIGHER PASSENGER-CARRYING CAPABILITIES TO DRIVE DEMAND     183

14.5        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     184

15           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION       185

15.1        INTRODUCTION     186

15.2        CITY/TRANSIT BUS             188

15.2.1      NEED TO IMPROVE AIR QUALITY IN CITIES TO DRIVE DEMAND              188

15.3        COACHES             189

15.3.1      INCREASING DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE LONG-DISTANCE TRAVEL TO DRIVE GROWTH             189

15.4        SCHOOL BUSES    191

15.4.1      GROWING DEMAND IN NORTH AMERICA TO DRIVE ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUS MARKET        191

15.5        OTHER APPLICATIONS        193

15.6        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     195

16           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER          196

16.1        INTRODUCTION     197

16.2        PRIVATE 198

16.2.1      GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES TO PROMOTE ADOPTION OF ELECTRIC BUSES    198

16.3        GOVERNMENT       200

16.3.1      USE OF ELECTRIC BUSES FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION              200

16.4        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     202

17           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT (GVW)              203

17.1        INTRODUCTION     204

17.2        UP TO 10 TONNES 205

17.2.1      NEED FOR ELECTRIC BUSES FOR SHORT-DISTANCE SHUTTLES TO DRIVE GROWTH             205

17.3        10–20 TONNES      206

17.3.1      ASIA PACIFIC TO LEAD MARKET IN THIS SEGMENT         206

17.4        ABOVE 20 TONNES              207

17.4.1      ENGINEERED FOR BIGGER AND TEDIOUS OPERATIONS   207

17.5        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     208

18           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION        209

18.1        INTRODUCTION     210

18.2        BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES 211

18.2.1      FALLING BATTERY PRICES AND GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES TO ELECTRIFY PUBLIC BUS FLEETS        211

18.3        FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES             213

18.3.1      SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN TO DRIVE GROWTH              213

18.4        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     215

19           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT        216

19.1        INTRODUCTION     217

19.2        MOTORS 220

19.2.1      HIGHER EFFICIENCY THAN TRADITIONAL COMBUSTION ENGINES TO DRIVE GROWTH             220

19.3        BATTERIES           221

19.3.1      DECREASING PRICE OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES TO DRIVE GROWTH 221

19.4        FUEL CELL STACKS            223

19.4.1      INCREASING DEMAND FOR HYDROGEN FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES TO DRIVE GROWTH  223

19.5        BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS    225

19.5.1      NEED FOR EFFICIENT BATTERY OPTIMIZATION IN ELECTRIC BUSES TO DRIVE GROWTH             225

19.6        BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS            227

19.6.1      GROWING FOCUS ON INCREASING BATTERY LIFE AND IMPROVING THERMAL MANAGEMENT TO DRIVE GROWTH   227

19.7        DC-DC CONVERTERS          229

19.7.1      KEY SAFETY SYSTEMS IN ELECTRIC BUSES     229

19.8        INVERTERS           230

19.8.1      GROWING DEMAND FOR ELECTRIC BUSES WITH HIGHER RANGE TO DRIVE GROWTH     230

19.9        AC/DC CHARGERS              232

19.9.1      CRITICAL TO OVERALL OPERATION AND EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC BUSES    232

19.10       EV CONNECTORS  233

19.10.1    INCREASING INVESTMENTS IN SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORTATION INITIATIVES TO DRIVE GROWTH        233

19.11       KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     235

20           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LEVEL OF AUTONOMY        236

20.1        INTRODUCTION     236

20.2        SEMI-AUTONOMOUS           236

20.3        AUTONOMOUS      237

20.4        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     239

21           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION  240

21.1        INTRODUCTION     241

21.2        ASIA PACIFIC        243

21.2.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK            244

21.2.2      CHINA     248

21.2.2.1    Widespread adoption of electric buses in public transport and presence of leading OEMs to boost growth           248

21.2.3      JAPAN    250

21.2.3.1    Focus on developing advanced electric buses to drive market              250

21.2.4      INDIA      251

21.2.4.1    Government support for electrification of public transport to propel demand   251

21.2.5      SOUTH KOREA      252

21.2.5.1    Focus on electrification of public transport fleets to boost growth              252

21.2.6      SINGAPORE          254

21.2.6.1    Growing emphasis on promoting green public transport by 2040 to boost growth     254

21.2.7      INDONESIA            255

21.2.7.1    Government’s commitment to improving air quality to spur demand              255

21.2.8      AUSTRALIA           256

21.2.8.1    Increasing awareness regarding climate change to drive growth              256

21.3        EUROPE  258

21.3.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK            258

21.3.2      FRANCE  264

21.3.2.1    Aim for all-electric public transport fleet by 2025 to promote use of electric buses         264

21.3.3      GERMANY             266

21.3.3.1    Increased government incentives and investments for infrastructure development to boost market 266

21.3.4      SPAIN     267

21.3.4.1    Government’s focus on replacing existing public transport fleet with electric buses to boost growth              267

21.3.5      ITALY     268

21.3.5.1    Rising concerns about emissions to encourage government to adopt electrification of public transport system              268

21.3.6      NORWAY 269

21.3.6.1    Rising government support and schemes for electric buses to increase demand   269

21.3.7      SWEDEN  271

21.3.7.1    Presence of market-leading OEMs to support growth of electric bus market    271

21.3.8      DENMARK             272

21.3.8.1    Favorable government regulations to support growth of electric bus market    272

21.3.9      NETHERLANDS      273

21.3.9.1    Increased orders and deliveries of electric buses to boost demand              273

21.3.10    BELGIUM 275

21.3.10.1  Investments for electrification of public transport to drive growth              275

21.3.11    UK          276

21.3.11.1  Stringent regulations for emission-free buses to boost adoption of electric buses         276

21.3.12    FINLAND 277

21.3.12.1  Continuous need for reducing carbon emissions to drive growth              277

21.3.13    POLAND 278

21.3.13.1  Push toward sustainable public transportation to spur demand for electric buses         278

21.4        NORTH AMERICA   280

21.4.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK            280

21.4.2      US          284

21.4.2.1    Government programs to promote zero-emission vehicles to boost growth     284

21.4.3      CANADA 286

21.4.3.1    Government subsidies and presence of key players to boost adoption of electric school buses             286

21.5        LATIN AMERICA    287

21.5.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK            288

21.5.2      ARGENTINA          291

21.5.2.1    Demand for electrification of bus fleets to boost demand for advanced electric buses         291

21.5.3      BRAZIL   292

21.5.3.1    Growing environmental concerns to lead to demand for electric buses              292

21.5.4      CHILE     294

21.5.4.1    Government’s focus on promoting emission-free public transport to encourage use of electric buses            294

21.5.5      MEXICO  295

21.5.5.1    Rapid strategies undertaken by government to indicate growth of electric bus market 295

21.5.6      COLOMBIA            296

21.5.6.1    Increasing government initiatives for electric bus purchases to drive market    296

21.6        MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA      297

21.6.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK            298

21.6.2      SOUTH AFRICA     301

21.6.2.1    Investments by leading OEMs in advanced technologies in automotive sector to drive market           301

21.6.3      UAE        303

21.6.3.1    Growing electrification trend in cities to boost demand

for electric buses    303

21.6.4      QATAR   304

21.6.4.1    Net-zero aims to push incorporation of electric buses         304

22           COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE  306

22.1        OVERVIEW            306

22.2        KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN         306

22.3        ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024             308

22.3.1      ASIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024    308

22.3.2      EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024              309

22.3.3      NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024              310

22.4        REVENUE ANALYSIS            313

22.5        COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2024     313

22.5.1      STARS    313

22.5.2      EMERGING LEADERS           313

22.5.3      PERVASIVE PLAYERS          314

22.5.4      PARTICIPANTS      314

22.5.5      COMPANY FOOTPRINT: KEY PLAYERS, 2024     315

22.5.5.1    Consumer footprint 316

22.5.5.2    Region footprint      317

22.5.5.3    Application footprint              318

22.5.5.4    Propulsion footprint 318

22.6        COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2024              319

22.6.1      PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES  319

22.6.2      RESPONSIVE COMPANIES    319

22.6.3      DYNAMIC COMPANIES         319

22.6.4      STARTING BLOCKS             319

22.6.5      COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING          321

22.6.5.1    List of key startups/SMEs     321

22.6.5.2    Competitive benchmarking of key startups/SMEs  322

22.7        COMPANY VALUATION        323

22.8        FINANCIAL METRICS            323

22.9        BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON       324

22.10       COMPETITIVE SCENARIO     325

22.10.1    PRODUCT LAUNCHES, DEVELOPMENTS, AND ENHANCEMENTS,

SEPTEMBER 2022–JULY 2025             325

22.10.2    DEALS, AUGUST 2022–MARCH 2025    327

22.10.3    EXPANSIONS, JUNE 2021–JULY 2025  329

22.10.4    OTHERS, OCTOBER 2022–JULY 2025  330

23           COMPANY PROFILES           332

23.1        KEY PLAYERS       332

23.1.1      BYD COMPANY LTD.            332

23.1.1.1    Business overview  332

23.1.1.2    Products/Solutions offered    333

23.1.1.3    Recent developments            335

23.1.1.3.1 Product launches    335

23.1.1.3.2 Deals      336

23.1.1.3.3 Expansions             338

23.1.1.3.4 Others     338

23.1.1.4    MnM view 340

23.1.1.4.1 Right to win            340

23.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices    340

23.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats        340

23.1.2      YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.       341

23.1.2.1    Business overview  341

23.1.2.2    Products/Solutions offered    342

23.1.2.3    Recent developments            344

23.1.2.3.1 Product launches/enhancements          344

23.1.2.3.2 Deals      345

23.1.2.3.3 Expansions             345

23.1.2.3.4 Others     346

23.1.2.4    MnM view 347

23.1.2.4.1 Right to win            347

23.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices    348

23.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats        348

23.1.3      ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP    349

23.1.3.1    Business overview  349

23.1.3.2    Products/Solutions offered    350

23.1.3.3    Recent developments            350

23.1.3.3.1 Product launches    350

23.1.3.3.2 Deals      351

23.1.3.3.3 Others     351

23.1.3.4    MnM view 351

23.1.3.4.1 Right to win            351

23.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices    352

23.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats        352

23.1.4      DAIMLER TRUCK AG            353

23.1.4.1    Business overview  353

23.1.4.2    Products/Solutions offered    354

23.1.4.3    Recent developments            355

23.1.4.3.1 Product launches    355

23.1.4.3.2 Deals      356

23.1.4.3.3 Expansions             356

23.1.4.3.4 Others     357

23.1.4.4    MnM view 359

23.1.4.4.1 Right to win            359

23.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices    359

23.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats        359

23.1.5      NFI GROUP           360

23.1.5.1    Business overview  360

23.1.5.2    Products/Solutions offered    361

23.1.5.3    Recent developments            362

23.1.5.3.1 Product launches/developments/enhancements   362

23.1.5.3.2 Deals      363

23.1.5.3.3 Others     363

23.1.5.4    MnM view 365

23.1.5.4.1 Right to win            365

23.1.5.4.2 Strategic choices    365

23.1.5.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats        365

23.1.6      AB VOLVO            366

23.1.6.1    Business overview  366

23.1.6.2    Products/Solutions offered    367

23.1.6.3    Recent developments            368

23.1.6.3.1 Product launches    368

23.1.6.3.2 Deals      369

23.1.6.3.3 Others     370

23.1.7      CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.)          371

23.1.7.1    Business overview  371

23.1.7.2    Products/Solutions offered    373

23.1.7.3    Recent developments            374

23.1.7.3.1 Product launches    374

23.1.7.3.2 Others     374

23.1.8      ZHONGTONG BUS HOLDING CO., LTD.              376

23.1.8.1    Business overview  376

23.1.8.2    Products/Solutions offered    377

23.1.8.3    Recent developments            378

23.1.8.3.1 Deals      378

23.1.9      CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED           379

23.1.9.1    Business overview  379

23.1.9.2    Products/Solutions offered    381

23.1.9.3    Recent developments            381

23.1.9.3.1 Product launches    381

23.1.9.3.2 Deals      381

23.1.9.3.3 Expansions             382

23.1.9.3.4 Others     382

23.1.10    VDL GROEP          383

23.1.10.1  Business overview  383

23.1.10.2  Products/Solutions offered    384

23.1.10.3  Recent developments            385

23.1.10.3.1              Product launches    385

23.1.10.3.2              Deals      385

23.1.10.3.3              Expansions             386

23.1.10.3.4              Others     386

23.1.11    EBUSCO 387

23.1.11.1  Business overview  387

23.1.11.2  Products/Solutions offered    388

23.1.11.3  Recent developments            389

23.1.11.3.1              Product enhancements          389

23.1.11.3.2              Deals      389

23.1.11.3.3              Others     390

23.1.12    XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD. 391

23.1.12.1  Business overview  391

23.1.12.2  Products/Solutions offered    392

23.1.12.3  Recent developments            393

23.1.12.3.1              Product launches    393

23.1.12.3.2              Others     394

23.2        OTHER PLAYERS   395

23.2.1      BLUE BIRD CORPORATION  395

23.2.2      GILLIG LLC.           396

23.2.3      THE LION ELECTRIC COMPANY          397

23.2.4      TATA MOTORS LIMITED.      398

23.2.5      ASHOK LEYLAND  399

23.2.6      SUNDA NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.  400

23.2.7      GREE ALTAIRNANO NEW ENERGY INC.              401

23.2.8      XIAMEN GOLDEN DRAGON BUS CO. LTD.          402

23.2.9      JBM GROUP          403

23.2.10    SCANIA AB           404

23.2.11    IRIZAR GROUP      405

23.2.12    IVECO S.P.A          406

23.2.13    BLUEBUS              407

23.2.14    BOZANKAYA         408

23.2.15    CAETANOBUS       409

23.2.16    CHARIOT MOTORS 410

23.2.17    HEULIEZ BUS        411

23.2.18    OTOKAR OTOMOTIV VE SAVUNMA SANAYI A.Ş.              412

23.2.19    TEMSA    413

23.2.20    URSUS S.A.           414

23.2.21    VAN HOOL            415

23.2.22    KARSAN 416

23.2.23    MELLOR  417

23.2.24    HINO MOTORS, LTD.            418

23.2.25    ANHUI ANKAI AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD. 419

23.2.26    OLECTRA GREENTECH LIMITED         420

24           RECOMMENDATIONS BY MARKETSANDMARKETS           421

24.1        ASIA PACIFIC TO BE MAJOR ELECTRIC BUS MARKET     421

24.2        BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES TO BE KEY FOCUS AREA FOR MANUFACTURERS 421

24.3        CONCLUSION        422

25           APPENDIX             423

25.1        KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     423

25.2        DISCUSSION GUIDE             423

25.3        KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL  426

25.4        CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS  428

25.5        RELATED REPORTS             428

25.6        AUTHOR DETAILS 429

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1  EXCHANGE RATE, 2021–2024              36

TABLE 2  COUNTRY/REGION-WISE INITIATIVES 67

TABLE 3  POTENTIAL MARKETS FOR NEW ZERO-EMISSION BUSES ACROSS EUROPE  68

TABLE 4  FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUS MODELS   75

TABLE 5  US: FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUS PROJECTS       75

TABLE 6  OEM-WISE DEVELOPMENTS 80

TABLE 7  ITALY: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    81

TABLE 8  GERMANY: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240,

BY COUNTRY, 2020–2024 (USD)          81

TABLE 9  SOUTH KOREA: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240,

BY COUNTRY, 2020–2024 (USD)          81

TABLE 10              UK: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2024 (USD) 82

TABLE 11              US: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2024 (USD) 82

TABLE 12              BELGIUM: IMPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    82

TABLE 13              CHINA: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    83

TABLE 14              POLAND: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    83

TABLE 15              BELGIUM: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    83

TABLE 16              ITLAY: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    84

TABLE 17              TÜRKIYE: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    84

TABLE 18              FRANCE: EXPORT SCENARIO FOR HS CODE: 870240, BY COUNTRY,

2020–2024 (USD)    84

TABLE 19              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM         86

TABLE 20              AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY APPLICATION, 2024 (USD)              89

TABLE 21              AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY PROPULSION, 2024 (USD)              90

TABLE 22              AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY REGION, 2024 (USD)              91

TABLE 23              LIST OF PATENTS GRANTED IN ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, 2020–2025             93

TABLE 24              NORTH AMERICA: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING ELECTRIC

& HYDROGEN-POWERED BUSES AND INFRASTRUCTURE 97

TABLE 25              EUROPE: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING ELECTRIC

& HYDROGEN-POWERED BUSES AND INFRASTRUCTURE 98

TABLE 26              ASIA PACIFIC: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING ELECTRIC

& HYDROGEN-POWERED BUSES AND INFRASTRUCTURE 99

TABLE 27              LATIN AMERICA: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING ELECTRIC

& HYDROGEN-POWERED BUSES AND INFRASTRUCTURE 100

TABLE 28              MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: POLICIES AND INITIATIVES SUPPORTING ELECTRIC

& HYDROGEN-POWERED BUSES AND INFRASTRUCTURE 100

TABLE 29              NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS            101

TABLE 30              EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS            102

TABLE 31              ASIA PACIFIC: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS            103

TABLE 32              MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS            104

TABLE 33              LATIN AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS            105

TABLE 34              ANALYSIS TO EVALUATE FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY OF DEPLOYING ELECTRIC

BUS FLEETS         107

TABLE 35              DEPLOYMENT OF ELECTRIC BUSES WITH ONGOING INFRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES           108

TABLE 36              KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2025–2026   114

TABLE 37              INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON PURCHASE OF ELECTRIC BUSES  115

TABLE 38              KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR ELECTRIC BUS, BY PROPULSION        115

TABLE 39              BATTERY CELL MANUFACTURERS     116

TABLE 40              AXLE MANUFACTURERS      117

TABLE 41              HVAC SYSTEM MANUFACTURERS      118

TABLE 42              MOTOR MANUFACTURERS  119

TABLE 43              OEM/BRAND-WISE SALES FOR ELECTRIC BUSES, 2021–2025       123

TABLE 44              ELECTRIC BUS DRIVE MOTOR SUPPLIERS, BY BRAND/OEM AND REGION   124

TABLE 45              ELECTRIC BUS BATTERY CELL SUPPLIERS, BY BRAND/OEM AND REGION   125

TABLE 46              ELECTRIC BUS BRAND/OEM-WISE INSTALLED BATTERY CAPACITIES

IN MWH, 2021–2025 126

TABLE 47              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   136

TABLE 48              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   137

TABLE 49              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      137

TABLE 50              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      137

TABLE 51              LESS THAN 9 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 138

TABLE 52              LESS THAN 9 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 138

TABLE 53              LESS THAN 9 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    138

TABLE 54              LESS THAN 9 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    139

TABLE 55              9–14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   139

TABLE 56              9–14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   140

TABLE 57              9–14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      140

TABLE 58              9–14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      140

TABLE 59              MORE THAN 14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 141

TABLE 60              MORE THAN 14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 141

TABLE 61              MORE THAN 14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    142

TABLE 62              MORE THAN 14 M: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    142

TABLE 63              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   145

TABLE 64              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   145

TABLE 65              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      146

TABLE 66              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      146

TABLE 67              NMC BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 147

TABLE 68              NMC BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 147

TABLE 69              NMC BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    147

TABLE 70              NMC BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    148

TABLE 71              LFP BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 149

TABLE 72              LFP BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 149

TABLE 73              LFP BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    149

TABLE 74              LFP BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    150

TABLE 75              NCA BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 150

TABLE 76              NCA BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 151

TABLE 77              NCA BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    151

TABLE 78              NCA BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    151

TABLE 79              OTHER BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 152

TABLE 80              OTHER BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 153

TABLE 81              OTHER BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    153

TABLE 82              OTHER BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    153

TABLE 83              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         156

TABLE 84              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         156

TABLE 85              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             157

TABLE 86              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             157

TABLE 87              UP TO 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 158

TABLE 88              UP TO 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 158

TABLE 89              UP TO 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    158

TABLE 90              UP TO 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    159

TABLE 91              ABOVE 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 160

TABLE 92              ABOVE 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 160

TABLE 93              ABOVE 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    160

TABLE 94              ABOVE 400 KWH: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    161

TABLE 95              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   163

TABLE 96              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   163

TABLE 97              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      164

TABLE 98              ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      164

TABLE 99              UP TO 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         165

TABLE 100            UP TO 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         165

TABLE 101            UP TO 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             165

TABLE 102            UP TO 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             166

TABLE 103            ABOVE 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 167

TABLE 104            ABOVE 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 167

TABLE 105            ABOVE 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    167

TABLE 106            ABOVE 250 KW: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    168

TABLE 107            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE, 2021–2024 (UNITS)              171

TABLE 108            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE, 2025–2032 (UNITS)              171

TABLE 109            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 171

TABLE 110            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 172

TABLE 111            UP TO 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 172

TABLE 112            UP TO 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 173

TABLE 113            UP TO 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    173

TABLE 114            UP TO 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    173

TABLE 115            ABOVE 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 174

TABLE 116            ABOVE 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 175

TABLE 117            ABOVE 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    175

TABLE 118            ABOVE 300 MILES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    175

TABLE 119            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         178

TABLE 120            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         178

TABLE 121            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             179

TABLE 122            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             179

TABLE 123            UP TO 40 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 180

TABLE 124            UP TO 40 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 180

TABLE 125            UP TO 40 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    180

TABLE 126            UP TO 40 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    181

TABLE 127            40–70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         181

TABLE 128            40–70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         182

TABLE 129            40–70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             182

TABLE 130            40–70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             182

TABLE 131            ABOVE 70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 183

TABLE 132            ABOVE 70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 183

TABLE 133            ABOVE 70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    184

TABLE 134            ABOVE 70 SEATS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    184

TABLE 135            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   186

TABLE 136            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   187

TABLE 137            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      187

TABLE 138            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      187

TABLE 139            CITY/TRANSIT BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)  188

TABLE 140            CITY/TRANSIT BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)  188

TABLE 141            CITY/TRANSIT BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    189

TABLE 142            CITY/TRANSIT BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    189

TABLE 143            COACHES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         190

TABLE 144            COACHES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         190

TABLE 145            COACHES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             190

TABLE 146            COACHES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             191

TABLE 147            SCHOOL BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 192

TABLE 148            SCHOOL BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 192

TABLE 149            SCHOOL BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    192

TABLE 150            SCHOOL BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    193

TABLE 151            OTHER APPLICATIONS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)  193

TABLE 152            OTHER APPLICATIONS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)  194

TABLE 153            OTHER APPLICATIONS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    194

TABLE 154            OTHER APPLICATIONS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    194

TABLE 155            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   197

TABLE 156            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   198

TABLE 157            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 198

TABLE 158            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 198

TABLE 159            PRIVATE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   199

TABLE 160            PRIVATE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   199

TABLE 161            PRIVATE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      199

TABLE 162            PRIVATE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      200

TABLE 163            GOVERNMENT: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 201

TABLE 164            GOVERNMENT: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 201

TABLE 165            GOVERNMENT: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    201

TABLE 166            GOVERNMENT: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    202

TABLE 167            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY GVW, 2021–2024 (UNITS)              204

TABLE 168            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY GVW, 2025–2032 (UNITS)              204

TABLE 169            UP TO 10 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 205

TABLE 170            UP TO 10 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 205

TABLE 171            10 – 20 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 206

TABLE 172            10 – 20 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 206

TABLE 173            ABOVE 20 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 207

TABLE 174            ABOVE 20 TONNES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 207

TABLE 175            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   210

TABLE 176            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   210

TABLE 177            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      211

TABLE 178            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      211

TABLE 179            BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (UNITS) 212

TABLE 180            BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (UNITS) 212

TABLE 181            BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    212

TABLE 182            BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    213

TABLE 183            FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (UNITS) 214

TABLE 184            FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (UNITS) 214

TABLE 185            FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 214

TABLE 186            FUEL CELL ELECTRIC BUSES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 215

TABLE 187            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   218

TABLE 188            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   218

TABLE 189            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      219

TABLE 190            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      219

TABLE 191            MOTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   220

TABLE 192            MOTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   220

TABLE 193            MOTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      221

TABLE 194            MOTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      221

TABLE 195            BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         222

TABLE 196            BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         222

TABLE 197            BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             223

TABLE 198            BATTERIES: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             223

TABLE 199            FUEL CELL STACKS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 224

TABLE 200            FUEL CELL STACKS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 224

TABLE 201            FUEL CELL STACKS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    224

TABLE 202            FUEL CELL STACKS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    225

TABLE 203            BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)           225

TABLE 204            BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)           226

TABLE 205            BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 226

TABLE 206            BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 226

TABLE 207            BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)           227

TABLE 208            BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)           227

TABLE 209            BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 228

TABLE 210            BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET,

BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 228

TABLE 211            DC-DC CONVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)  229

TABLE 212            DC-DC CONVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)  229

TABLE 213            DC-DC CONVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    229

TABLE 214            DC-DC CONVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    230

TABLE 215            INVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         230

TABLE 216            INVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         231

TABLE 217            INVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             231

TABLE 218            INVERTERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             231

TABLE 219            AC/DC CHARGERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 232

TABLE 220            AC/DC CHARGERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 232

TABLE 221            AC/DC CHARGERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    233

TABLE 222            AC/DC CHARGERS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    233

TABLE 223            EV CONNECTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 234

TABLE 224            EV CONNECTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 234

TABLE 225            EV CONNECTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    234

TABLE 226            EV CONNECTORS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    235

TABLE 227            SEMI-AUTONOMOUS ELECTRIC BUS MODELS AND THEIR FEATURES, 2022    237

TABLE 228            AUTONOMOUS ELECTRIC BUS MODELS AND THEIR FEATURES, 2023    238

TABLE 229            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)              242

TABLE 230            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)              242

TABLE 231            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 243

TABLE 232            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 243

TABLE 233            ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 247

TABLE 234            ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 247

TABLE 235            ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    247

TABLE 236            ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    248

TABLE 237            CHINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         249

TABLE 238            CHINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         249

TABLE 239            CHINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             249

TABLE 240            CHINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             249

TABLE 241            JAPAN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         250

TABLE 242            JAPAN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         250

TABLE 243            JAPAN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             250

TABLE 244            JAPAN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             251

TABLE 245            INDIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         251

TABLE 246            INDIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         252

TABLE 247            INDIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             252

TABLE 248            INDIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             252

TABLE 249            SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 253

TABLE 250            SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 253

TABLE 251            SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    253

TABLE 252            SOUTH KOREA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    253

TABLE 253            SINGAPORE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 254

TABLE 254            SINGAPORE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 254

TABLE 255            SINGAPORE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    255

TABLE 256            SINGAPORE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    255

TABLE 257            INDONESIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 255

TABLE 258            INDONESIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 256

TABLE 259            INDONESIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    256

TABLE 260            INDONESIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    256

TABLE 261            AUSTRALIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 257

TABLE 262            AUSTRALIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 257

TABLE 263            AUSTRALIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    257

TABLE 264            AUSTRALIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    257

TABLE 265            EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         262

TABLE 266            EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         263

TABLE 267            EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             263

TABLE 268            EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             264

TABLE 269            FRANCE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         265

TABLE 270            FRANCE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         265

TABLE 271            FRANCE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             265

TABLE 272            FRANCE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             265

TABLE 273            GERMANY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 266

TABLE 274            GERMANY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 266

TABLE 275            GERMANY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    266

TABLE 276            GERMANY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    267

TABLE 277            SPAIN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         267

TABLE 278            SPAIN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         267

TABLE 279            SPAIN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             268

TABLE 280            SPAIN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             268

TABLE 281            ITALY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         268

TABLE 282            ITALY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         269

TABLE 283            ITALY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             269

TABLE 284            ITALY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             269

TABLE 285            NORWAY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 270

TABLE 286            NORWAY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 270

TABLE 287            NORWAY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    270

TABLE 288            NORWAY: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    270

TABLE 289            SWEDEN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 271

TABLE 290            SWEDEN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 271

TABLE 291            SWEDEN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    271

TABLE 292            SWEDEN: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    272

TABLE 293            DENMARK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 272

TABLE 294            DENMARK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 273

TABLE 295            DENMARK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    273

TABLE 296            DENMARK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    273

TABLE 297            NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 274

TABLE 298            NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 274

TABLE 299            NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    274

TABLE 300            NETHERLANDS: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    274

TABLE 301            BELGIUM: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 275

TABLE 302            BELGIUM: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 275

TABLE 303            BELGIUM: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    275

TABLE 304            BELGIUM: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    276

TABLE 305            UK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   276

TABLE 306            UK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   276

TABLE 307            UK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      277

TABLE 308            UK: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      277

TABLE 309            FINLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 277

TABLE 310            FINLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 278

TABLE 311            FINLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    278

TABLE 312            FINLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    278

TABLE 313            POLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 279

TABLE 314            POLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 279

TABLE 315            POLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    279

TABLE 316            POLAND: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    279

TABLE 317            NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 283

TABLE 318            NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 283

TABLE 319            NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    284

TABLE 320            NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    284

TABLE 321            US: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)   285

TABLE 322            US: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)   285

TABLE 323            US: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)      285

TABLE 324            US: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)      285

TABLE 325            CANADA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 286

TABLE 326            CANADA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 286

TABLE 327            CANADA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    286

TABLE 328            CANADA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    287

TABLE 329            LATIN AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 290

TABLE 330            LATIN AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 290

TABLE 331            LATIN AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    290

TABLE 332            LATIN AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    291

TABLE 333            ARGENTINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 291

TABLE 334            ARGENTINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 292

TABLE 335            ARGENTINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    292

TABLE 336            ARGENTINA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    292

TABLE 337            BRAZIL: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         293

TABLE 338            BRAZIL: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         293

TABLE 339            BRAZIL: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             293

TABLE 340            BRAZIL: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             293

TABLE 341            CHILE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         294

TABLE 342            CHILE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         294

TABLE 343            CHILE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             294

TABLE 344            CHILE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             295

TABLE 345            MEXICO: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         295

TABLE 346            MEXICO: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         295

TABLE 347            MEXICO: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             296

TABLE 348            MEXICO: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             296

TABLE 349            COLOMBIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS) 296

TABLE 350            COLOMBIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS) 297

TABLE 351            COLOMBIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    297

TABLE 352            COLOMBIA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    297

TABLE 353            MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2021–2024 (UNITS) 300

TABLE 354            MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025–2032 (UNITS) 300

TABLE 355            MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    301

TABLE 356            MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    301

TABLE 357            SOUTH AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       302

TABLE 358            SOUTH AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       302

TABLE 359            SOUTH AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)    302

TABLE 360            SOUTH AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)    302

TABLE 361            UAE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         303

TABLE 362            UAE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         303

TABLE 363            UAE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             303

TABLE 364            UAE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             304

TABLE 365            QATAR: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         304

TABLE 366            QATAR: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         305

TABLE 367            QATAR: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)             305

TABLE 368            QATAR: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)             305

TABLE 369            KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2022–2024              307

TABLE 370            ASIAN ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION, 2024             309

TABLE 371            EUROPEAN ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION, 2024             310

TABLE 372            NORTH AMERICAN ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION, 2024             311

TABLE 373            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: CONSUMER FOOTPRINT, 2024              316

TABLE 374            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: REGION FOOTPRINT, 2024              317

TABLE 375            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: APPLICATION FOOTPRINT, 2024              318

TABLE 376            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: PROPULSION FOOTPRINT, 2024              318

TABLE 377            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES              321

TABLE 378            COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES              322

TABLE 379            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/ENHANCEMENTS/DEVELOPMENTS, SEPTEMBER 2022–JULY 2025       325

TABLE 380            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: DEALS, AUGUST 2022–MARCH 2025       327

TABLE 381            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: EXPANSIONS, JUNE 2021–JULY 2025       329

TABLE 382            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: OTHERS, OCTOBER 2022–JULY 2025       330

TABLE 383            BYD COMPANY LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW      332

TABLE 384            BYD COMPANY LTD.: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED              333

TABLE 385            BYD COMPANY LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES      335

TABLE 386            BYD COMPANY LTD.: DEALS 336

TABLE 387            BYD COMPANY LTD.: EXPANSIONS     338

TABLE 388            BYD COMPANY LTD.: OTHERS            338

TABLE 389            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW  341

TABLE 390            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED              342

TABLE 391            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/ENHANCEMENTS             344

TABLE 392            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: DEALS          345

TABLE 393            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: EXPANSIONS 345

TABLE 394            YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: OTHERS       346

TABLE 395            ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW              349

TABLE 396            ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED     350

TABLE 397            ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP: PRODUCT LAUNCHES            350

TABLE 398            ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP: DEALS      351

TABLE 399            ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP: OTHERS   351

TABLE 400            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: COMPANY OVERVIEW      353

TABLE 401            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED              354

TABLE 402            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: PRODUCT LAUNCHES      355

TABLE 403            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: DEALS 356

TABLE 404            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: EXPANSIONS     356

TABLE 405            DAIMLER TRUCK AG: OTHERS            357

TABLE 406            NFI GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW      360

TABLE 407            NFI GROUP: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 361

TABLE 408            NFI GROUP: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS/ENHANCEMENTS 362

TABLE 409            NFI GROUP: DEALS              363

TABLE 410            NFI GROUP: OTHERS           363

TABLE 411            AB VOLVO: COMPANY OVERVIEW      366

TABLE 412            AB VOLVO: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 367

TABLE 413            AB VOLVO: PRODUCT LAUNCHES      368

TABLE 414            AB VOLVO: DEALS 369

TABLE 415            AB VOLVO: OTHERS            370

TABLE 416            CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.): COMPANY OVERVIEW            371

TABLE 417            CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.): PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED     373

TABLE 418            CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.): PRODUCT LAUNCHES            374

TABLE 419            CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.): OTHERS              374

TABLE 420            ZHONGTONG BUS HOLDING CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW            376

TABLE 421            ZHONGTONG BUS HOLDING CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED     377

TABLE 422            ZHONGTONG BUS HOLDING CO., LTD.: DEALS  378

TABLE 423            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: COMPANY OVERVIEW              379

TABLE 424            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED              381

TABLE 425            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: PRODUCT LAUNCHES              381

TABLE 426            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: DEALS             381

TABLE 427            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: EXPANSIONS    382

TABLE 428            CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: OTHERS           382

TABLE 429            VDL GROEP: COMPANY OVERVIEW     383

TABLE 430            VDL GROEP: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED              384

TABLE 431            VDL GROEP: PRODUCT LAUNCHES    385

TABLE 432            VDL GROEP: DEALS             385

TABLE 433            VDL GROEP: EXPANSIONS   386

TABLE 434            VDL GROEP: OTHERS          386

TABLE 435            EBUSCO: COMPANY OVERVIEW          387

TABLE 436            EBUSCO: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED    388

TABLE 437            EBUSCO: PRODUCT ENHANCEMENTS 389

TABLE 438            EBUSCO: DEALS    389

TABLE 439            EBUSCO: OTHERS 390

TABLE 440            XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW          391

TABLE 441            XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD.:

PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS OFFERED     392

TABLE 442            XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES          393

TABLE 443            XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD.: OTHERS  394

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 RESEARCH DESIGN             39

FIGURE 2 RESEARCH DESIGN MODEL  40

FIGURE 3 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS            43

FIGURE 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: HYPOTHESIS BUILDING      44

FIGURE 5 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH     45

FIGURE 6 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH METHODOLOGY    46

FIGURE 7 DATA TRIANGULATION        47

FIGURE 8 MARKET GROWTH PROJECTIONS FROM DEMAND-SIDE DRIVERS

AND OPPORTUNITIES          48

FIGURE 9 KEY FACTORS IMPACTING ELECTRIC BUS MARKET        48

FIGURE 10             REPORT SUMMARY             52

FIGURE 11             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION) 53

FIGURE 12             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      54

FIGURE 13             INCREASING DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS

AND GREEN TRANSPORTATION TO DRIVE MARKET        56

FIGURE 14             BATTERY ELECTRIC BUSES TO BE DOMINANT SEGMENT IN 2032   56

FIGURE 15             UP TO 300 MILES SEGMENT TO HOLD DOMINANT MARKET SHARE IN 2032      57

FIGURE 16             BATTERIES TO HOLD LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2032              57

FIGURE 17             GOVERNMENT SEGMENT TO DOMINATE IN 2032              58

FIGURE 18             UP TO 400 KWH TO BE DOMINANT SEGMENT IN 2032              58

FIGURE 19             LFP TO BE LARGEST BATTERY TYPE IN 2032   59

FIGURE 20             CITY/TRANSIT BUSES TO BE LARGEST SEGMENT IN 2032              59

FIGURE 21             UP TO 250 KW TO BE DOMINANT SEGMENT IN 2032              60

FIGURE 22             9-14 M TO BE LARGEST SEGMENT IN 2032       60

FIGURE 23             40–70 SEATS TO BE LARGEST SEGMENT IN 2032              61

FIGURE 24             10–20 TONNES SEGMENT TO BE LARGEST SEGMENT DURING FORECAST PERIOD 61

FIGURE 25             ASIA PACIFIC TO LEAD ELECTRIC BUS MARKET IN 2025              62

FIGURE 26             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET DYNAMICS   64

FIGURE 27             REGION-WISE PROGRAMS FOR ELECTRIC BUS ADOPTION              65

FIGURE 28             INCREASING DEMAND FOR GREEN VEHICLES   69

FIGURE 29             DECLINE IN BATTERY PRICE/KWH, 2010–2030   69

FIGURE 30             SAFETY CONCERNS IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES              71

FIGURE 31             BATTERY SAFETY ARCHITECTURE OUTLINE     72

FIGURE 32             AVERAGE COST OF OPERATIONS: DIESEL BUS VS. ELECTRIC BUS (USD/YEAR) 72

FIGURE 33             FUEL CELL PRODUCT LIFECYCLE      74

FIGURE 34             ELECTRIC BUS AS A SERVICE            77

FIGURE 35             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS              85

FIGURE 36             ECOSYSTEM MAPPING        85

FIGURE 37             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS              87

FIGURE 38             TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP: 12-M ELECTRIC BUSES VS. 12-M DIESEL

BUSES (USD)         88

FIGURE 39             AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY APPLICATION, 2024 (USD)              89

FIGURE 40             AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY PROPULSION, 2024 (USD)              90

FIGURE 41             AVERAGE SELLING PRICE, BY REGION, 2024 (USD)              91

FIGURE 42             NUMBER OF PATENTS GRANTED FOR ELECTRIC BUSES,

JANUARY 2015–APRIL 2025  92

FIGURE 43             OPEX-BASED ELECTRIC BUS DEPLOYMENT     106

FIGURE 44             ELECTRIFICATION OF DOHA PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN 2022              108

FIGURE 45             TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS             112

FIGURE 46             BILL OF MATERIALS ANALYSIS          113

FIGURE 47             KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR ELECTRIC BUSES, BY PROPULSION        115

FIGURE 48             KEY SUPPLIERS FOR MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ELECTRIC BUSES    116

FIGURE 49             INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO, 2021–2025              119

FIGURE 50             ELECTRIC AND ICE BUS MODELS: BUS LENGTH VS. NUMBER OF SEATS             120

FIGURE 51             ELECTRIC BUS MODELS: BUS LENGTH VS. NUMBER OF SEATS    121

FIGURE 52             ELECTRIC BUS: BATTERY CAPACITY VS. DRIVE RANGE VS. PAX

FOR MERCEDES-BENZ E-CITARO      122

FIGURE 53             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: FUTURE TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW            128

FIGURE 54             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP              129

FIGURE 55             NEW PACKAGED FUEL CELL SYSTEM MODULE BY TOYOTA 131

FIGURE 56             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY LENGTH OF BUS, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             136

FIGURE 57             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             145

FIGURE 58            ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY BATTERY CAPACITY, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             156

FIGURE 59             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             163

FIGURE 60             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY RANGE, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION) 170

FIGURE 61             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: RANGE VS. DIFFERENT DRIVING CONDITIONS         171

FIGURE 62             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY SEATING CAPACITY, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             178

FIGURE 63             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      186

FIGURE 64             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY CONSUMER, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      197

FIGURE 65             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY GVW, 2025 VS. 2032 (UNITS)              204

FIGURE 66             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      210

FIGURE 67             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      217

FIGURE 68             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION) 242

FIGURE 69             ASIA PACIFIC: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026             244

FIGURE 70             ASIA PACIFIC: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026              245

FIGURE 71             ASIA PACIFIC: INFLATION RATE AVERAGE CONSUMER PRICES,

BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026     245

FIGURE 72             ASIA PACIFIC: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY’S CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024            245

FIGURE 73             ASIA PACIFIC: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SNAPSHOT              246

FIGURE 74             EUROPE: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026       259

FIGURE 75             EUROPE: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026              259

FIGURE 76             EUROPE: INFLATION RATE AVERAGE CONSUMER PRICES,

BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026     260

FIGURE 77             EUROPE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY’S CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024        260

FIGURE 78             EUROPE: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             262

FIGURE 79             NORTH AMERICA: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026           281

FIGURE 80             NORTH AMERICA: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026       281

FIGURE 81             NORTH AMERICA: CPI INFLATION RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024-2026             282

FIGURE 82             NORTH AMERICA MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY’S CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024            282

FIGURE 83             NORTH AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET SNAPSHOT              283

FIGURE 84             LATIN AMERICA: REAL GDP ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE, 2024–2026             288

FIGURE 85             LATIN AMERICA: GDP PER CAPITA, 2024–2026  288

FIGURE 86             LATIN AMERICA: AVERAGE CPI INFLATION RATE, 2024–2026       289

FIGURE 87             LATIN AMERICA: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY’S VALUE (AS PART OF GDP), 2024      289

FIGURE 88             LATIN AMERICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             289

FIGURE 89             MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: REAL GDP ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE, 2024–2026     298

FIGURE 90             MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: GDP PER CAPITA, 2024–2026              299

FIGURE 91             MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AVERAGE CPI INFLATION RATE, 2024–2026             299

FIGURE 92             MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY’S VALUE

(AS PART OF GDP), 2024      299

FIGURE 93             MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: ELECTRIC BUS MARKET, BY COUNTRY,

2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)             300

FIGURE 94             ASIA: MARKET SHARE OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024  308

FIGURE 95             EUROPE: MARKET SHARE OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024              309

FIGURE 96             NORTH AMERICA: MARKET SHARE OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024              310

FIGURE 97             REVENUE ANALYSIS FOR TOP LISTED PLAYERS, 2020–2024       313

FIGURE 98             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (KEY PLAYERS), 2024           314

FIGURE 99             ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: COMPANY FOOTPRINT, 2024              315

FIGURE 100           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (STARTUPS/SMES), 2024     320

FIGURE 101           COMPANY VALUATION FOR KEY PLAYERS, 2024 (USD BILLION) 323

FIGURE 102           EV/EBITDA OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024    323

FIGURE 103           ELECTRIC BUS MARKET: BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON       324

FIGURE 104           BYD COMPANY LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT     333

FIGURE 105           YUTONG BUS CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 342

FIGURE 106           DAIMLER TRUCK AG: COMPANY SNAPSHOT     354

FIGURE 107           NFI GROUP: COMPANY SNAPSHOT     361

FIGURE 108           AB VOLVO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT     367

FIGURE 109           CAF (SOLARIS BUS & COACH SP. Z O.O.): COMPANY SNAPSHOT           372

FIGURE 110           ZHONGTONG BUS HOLDING CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT           377

FIGURE 111           CRRC CORPORATION LIMITED: COMPANY SNAPSHOT              380

FIGURE 112           VDL GROEP: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    384

FIGURE 113           EBUSCO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT         387

FIGURE 114           XIAMEN KING LONG INTERNATIONAL TRADING CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT         392