マイクロカー市場 – 2032年までの世界予測

Microcars Market - Global Forecast to 2032

マイクロカー市場 - カテゴリー(軽自動車、A00、近隣電気自動車、四輪車)、出力(<5、5-25、26-40、>40 kW)、最終用途、軽自動車と四輪車(推進力と分類)、および地域別 - 2032年までの世界予測
Microcars Market by Category (Kei Cars, A00, Neighborhood Electric Vehicles, Quadricycles), Power Output (<5, 5-25, 26-40, >40 kW), End-use Application, Kei Cars and Quadricycles (Propulsion and Classification), and Region - Global Forecast to 2032

商品番号 : SMB-77796

出版社MarketsandMarkets
出版年月2025年5月
ページ数228
図表数293
価格タイプシングルユーザライセンス
価格USD 4,950
種別英文調査報告書

マイクロカー市場は2025年の367億5,000万米ドルから2032年には490億米ドルへと年平均成長率4.2%で成長するとMarketsandMarketsでは予測しています。マイクロカー市場は都市化の継続的な進展と、農村部から都市部への人口移動によって牽引されています。さらにアジアとヨーロッパの主要OEMによる電気自動車およびハイブリッド車技術の開発も予測期間中にマイクロカーの需要を押し上げるとみられています。

本レポートは、マイクロカー市場全体とそのサブセグメントの収益数値の近似値に関する情報を提供し、市場リーダーと新規参入企業にとって役立ちます。また、ステークホルダーが競争環境を理解し、自社のポジショニングを改善し、適切な市場開拓戦略を策定するための洞察を深めるのに役立ちます。さらに、ステークホルダーが市場の動向を理解し、主要な市場牽引要因、阻害要因、課題、そして機会の理解に有用となる情報を掲載しています。

またMarketsandMarketsでは下記主要企業についての詳細な市場調査結果を提供します。

  • 上汽通用五菱汽車有限公司(中国)
  • 比亜迪汽車有限公司(BYD)(中国)
  • スズキ株式会社(日本)
  • 本田技研工業株式会社(日本)
  • ステランティスN.V.(オランダ)

主な掲載内容

  • 市場概観
    • 市場動態
    • 主要技術
    • ユースケース分析
    • 顧客企業のビジネスに影響を与える動向/ディスラプション
    • 価格分析
    • サプライチェーン分析
    • 特許分析
    • 法規制環境
    • 主要会議とイベント 2025-2026年
    • 主要ステークホルダーと購入基準
    • OEM分析
    • 2025年の米国関税措置の影響
  • 欧州の種類別クアドリサイクル市場
    • L6
    • L7
  • 推進力別軽自動車市場
    • 内燃機関(ICE)
    • 電動&ハイブリッド
  • カテゴリー別マイクロカー市場
    • 軽自動車
    • A00車両
    • ネイバーフッド・エレクトリック・ビークル(近隣用電動輸送機器/NEV)
    • クアドリサイクル
    • 超小型電気自動車
  • 最終用途別マイクロカー市場
    • 個人用
    • 商用
  • 出力別マイクロカー市場
    • 5kW未満
    • 5-25kW
    • 26-40kW
    • 40kW超
  • 推進力別クアドリサイクル
    • 内燃機関(ICE)
    • 電動&ハイブリッド
  • 地域別マイクロカー市場
    • アジア
      • 中国
      • インド
      • 日本
      • 韓国
    • 欧州
      • フランス
      • イタリア
      • ドイツ
      • 英国
      • スペイン
      • その他の欧州
    • 北米
      • 米国
      • カナダ
  • 競合勢力図
    • 主要プレイヤーの戦略/勝つ権利 2021-2025年
    • 市場シェア分析
    • 上位5社の収益分析 2019-2023年
      • 企業評価マトリクス:主要プレイヤ
      • 企業評価マトリクス:スタートアップ/SME
      • 企業評価
      • 財政メトリクス
      • 競合シナリオ
  • 企業情報
    • 主要プレイヤ
    • スタートアップ/SME
  • MarketsandMarketsからの提言

Report Overview

The microcars market is projected to grow from USD 36.75 billion in 2025 to USD 49.00 billion by 2032 at a CAGR of 4.2%. The market is driven by the continuously increasing urbanization and the population shift from rural to urban areas. Additionally, the developments in electric & hybrid technologies from key OEMs in Asia and Europe would boost the demand for microcars during the forecast period.

マイクロカー市場 - 2032年までの世界予測
microcars-market

<5 kW is projected to be the fastest-growing power output segment of the microcars market.

Microcars having a power output of <5 kW are largely seen in Asia and North America. This segment of microcars is largely dominated by local and unregistered players. These players have in-house manufacturing capabilities and sell these cars in small quantities. Currently, Asia is the largest market for <5 kW microcars, and the regional market is dominated by China, which has a number of local manufacturers. A few of these cars are sold at a price of as low as USD 2,000 in the Chinese market.

This segment of microcars offers better efficiency in terms of mileage but has a limited range; however,  they have adequate power to cruise through urban cities. Additionally, the initial cost of these vehicles is lower than that of the higher-power output cars. The lower costs and adequate efficiency are the driving factors for these cars during the forecast period.

A few of the known manufacturers of microcars in this segment include Estrima SpA (Italy), Wink Motors Inc. (US), and Renault Group (France). Estrima SpA offers the Biro series of microcars. Renault is planning to launch two new microcars in the European region under the Mobilize brand.

The Kei cars segment is predicted to be the largest segment of the microcars market by category.

Kei cars lead the global microcars market by category in terms of value. Kei cars are offered in ICE and electric & hybrid propulsion and are available in 2WD and 4WD configurations. The increasing adoption of hybrid Kei cars in Japan is closely tied to the country’s unique geographical challenges. Japan is susceptible to frequent seismic activity, which significantly impacts both residential and commercial infrastructure, including charging stations. This vulnerability has prompted Japanese automobile manufacturers to prioritize hybrid technology over fully electric solutions. Leading Japanese OEMs, including Honda Motor Co., Ltd., Suzuki Motor Corporation, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Mitsubishi Motors Co., Ltd., have made substantial advancements in hybrid technologies. These companies are continuously innovating to enhance hybrid systems, catering to both domestic needs and international markets.

Additionally, Kei cars are subject to low acquisition and ownership taxes compared to standard-sized cars. The reason lies in the Japanese government’s goal to promote compact, fuel-efficient transportation to reduce urban congestion and environmental impact.

マイクロカー市場 - 2032年までの世界予測 region
microcars-market-region

Europe is projected to be one of the leading microcars markets.

Europe is among the largest producers of motor vehicles, and the region has the largest private investment in R&D activities. Microcars are known as quadricycles in Europe and have a very small share of the automotive market in the region. The current share for ICE  microcars in Europe is ~25%, while that for electric & hybrid cars in Europe is ~75%. France, Italy, and Germany are the top contributors to the European microcars market. Microcars are suitable for European countries due to their compact sizes, which require less space for parking and can easily maneuver on narrow city streets. These vehicles are primarily used for personal mobility, while there have been efforts to use them in shared mobility services.

Italy, being the second largest market in the region, has seen recent developments in the commercial end-use applications of microcars. The car-sharing companies in the country have begun integrating microcars into their fleets. As per the Paris Agreement, Germany and other European countries have agreed to work together on carbon neutrality and achieve it 100% by 2050. It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the region by at least 55% by 2030. This has created growth opportunities for electric microcar manufacturers. Moreover, the growing urbanization and advancements in electric vehicle technology are expected to propel the market for these cars in the region.

Stellantis N.V. (Netherlands), Aixam Mega (France), Ligier Group (France), Automobiles Chatenet (France), and Micro Mobility Systems AG (Switzerland) are the major quadricycle manufacturers in the region.

In-depth interviews were conducted with CEOs, marketing directors, other innovation and strategy directors, and executives from various key organizations operating in this market.

  • By Company Type: Microcar Manufacturers – 100%
  • By Designation: C Level – 40%, Directors- 40%, and Others – 20%
  • By Region: North America – 20%, Europe – 30%, and Asia – 50%

The microcars market is led by established players such as SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. (China), BYD Auto Co., Ltd. (China), Suzuki Motor Corporation (Japan), Honda Motor Corporation (Japan), and Stellantis N.V. (Netherlands).

マイクロカー市場 - 2032年までの世界予測 ecosystem
microcars-market-ecosystem

Key Benefits of Buying the Report:

The report will help market leaders and new entrants with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall microcars market and its subsegments. It will also help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights into better positioning their businesses and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report will also help stakeholders understand the market’s pulse and provide information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.

The report provides insights into the following points:

Analysis of key drivers (growing urbanization, developing electric vehicle charging infrastructure), restraints (higher costs restraining the adoption of microcars in emerging economies), opportunities (developments in connected cars and related technologies, growth in demand for last-mile delivery applications, and developments in mobility sharing services), and challenges (consumer skepticism related to safety and value worthiness to pose a challenge) influencing the microcars market

  • Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights into upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new products & services of the microcars market
  • Market Development: Comprehensive information about the lucrative market- analysis of the microcars market across varied regions
  • Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the microcars market
  • Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players like SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. (China), BYD Auto Co., Ltd. (China), Suzuki Motor Corporation (Japan), Honda Motor Corporation (Japan), and Stellantis N.V. (Netherlands), among others in the microcars market

Table of Contents

1               INTRODUCTION              21

1.1           STUDY OBJECTIVES       21

1.2           MARKET DEFINITION   22

1.2.1        MICROCAR SPECIFICATIONS, BY REGION/COUNTRY                 23

1.2.2        INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS 23

1.3           MARKET SCOPE                24

1.3.1        YEARS CONSIDERED      24

1.4           CURRENCY CONSIDERED            25

1.5           UNITS CONSIDERED      26

1.6           STAKEHOLDERS               26

2               RESEARCH METHODOLOGY       27

2.1           RESEARCH DATA              27

2.1.1        SECONDARY DATA          28

2.1.1.1    Secondary sources for base numbers and market size    28

2.1.1.2    Key data from secondary sources       29

2.1.2        PRIMARY DATA 29

2.1.2.1    Primary participants             29

2.1.2.2    Breakdown of primary interviews      30

2.1.3        SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA COLLECTION METHODS           30

2.2           MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION         31

2.2.1        BOTTOM-UP APPROACH              32

2.2.2        TOP-DOWN APPROACH                33

2.3           DATA TRIANGULATION                33

2.4           FACTOR ANALYSIS          34

2.5           RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS AND RISK ASSESSMENT                 35

2.6           RESEARCH LIMITATIONS             36

3               EXECUTIVE SUMMARY  37

4               PREMIUM INSIGHTS       40

4.1           ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN ELECTRIC & HYBRID MICROCARS MARKET          40

4.2           MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY     40

4.3           MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT         41

4.4           MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION                 41

4.5           KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION       42

4.6           QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION         42

4.7           QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION 43

4.8           MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION           43

5               MARKET OVERVIEW       44

5.1           INTRODUCTION              44

5.2           MARKET DYNAMICS       45

5.2.1        DRIVERS               45

5.2.1.1    Rapid urbanization               45

5.2.1.2    Ongoing developments in electric vehicle charging infrastructure                 46

5.2.2        RESTRAINTS      47

5.2.2.1    Limited adoption in emerging economies due to high costs                 47

5.2.3        OPPORTUNITIES              48

5.2.3.1    Advancements in connected car and related technologies                 48

5.2.3.2    Surge in demand for fast last-mile delivery      48

5.2.3.3    Trend of mobility-sharing services    49

5.2.4        CHALLENGES    49

5.2.4.1    Consumer skepticism regarding safety and reliability    49

5.3           TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS             50

5.3.1        KEY TECHNOLOGY         50

5.3.1.1    Connected vehicle technology            50

5.3.2        COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGY           50

5.3.2.1    Active width adjustment technology 50

5.3.3        ADJACENT TECHNOLOGY           50

5.3.3.1    Drive-by-wire technology   50

5.4           USE CASE ANALYSIS        51

5.4.1        MICRO PASSENGER VEHICLE FOR URBAN MOBILITY                 51

5.4.2        PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRIC MICROCAR                 51

5.4.3        INNOVATIVE SUPPLY CHAIN FOR SMART PRODUCT                 52

5.5           TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS            53

5.6           PRICING ANALYSIS          54

5.6.1        BY OEM                54

5.6.2        BY REGION         55

5.7           ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS  56

5.8           SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS             58

5.9           PATENT ANALYSIS          59

5.10         REGULATORY LANDSCAPE         63

5.11         KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2025–2026        65

5.12         KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA     66

5.12.1      KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS           66

5.12.2      BUYING CRITERIA           67

5.13         OEM ANALYSIS 68

5.14         IMPACT OF US 2025 TARIFF: OVERVIEW                71

5.14.1      KEY TARIFF RATES          71

5.14.2      COUNTRY-WISE TARIFF ON AUTOMOTIVE END-PRODUCTS AND COMPONENTS               72

5.14.2.1  North America      72

5.14.2.1.1                United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) Countries                72

5.14.2.2  Europe   73

5.14.2.2.1                Germany                 73

5.14.2.2.2                UK          73

5.14.2.2.3                Slovakia  73

5.14.2.2.4                Belgium 73

5.14.2.2.5                Other countries    73

5.14.2.3  Asia         73

5.14.2.3.1                China      73

5.14.2.3.2                Japan      74

5.14.2.3.3                South Korea           74

5.14.2.3.4                India       74

5.14.3      IMPACT OF US 2025 TARIFF ON MICROCARS MARKET                 75

6               EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION              76

6.1           INTRODUCTION              77

6.2           L6            78

6.2.1        LOWER INITIAL COSTS AND PREFERENCE FOR PERSONAL APPLICATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH                 78

6.3           L7            79

6.3.1        HIGHER POWER OUTPUT AND USE IN COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH       79

6.3.2        INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     79

7               KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION       80

7.1           INTRODUCTION              81

7.2           ICE         82

7.2.1        READILY AVAILABLE REFUELING INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE GROWTH               82

7.3           ELECTRIC & HYBRID      83

7.3.1        BETTER EFFICIENCY AND IMPROVING CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE GROWTH 83

7.3.2        INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     83

8               MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY     84

8.1           INTRODUCTION              85

8.2           KEI CARS              87

8.2.1        GROWING URBANIZATION TO DRIVE GROWTH                 87

8.3           A00 VEHICLES   88

8.3.1        GROWING ELECTRIFICATION TRENDS TO DRIVE GROWTH             88

8.4           NEIGHBORHOOD ELECTRIC VEHICLES 90

8.4.1        GROWING DEMAND FOR ELECTRIC COMPACT VEHICLES TO DRIVE GROWTH  90

8.5           QUADRICYCLES                91

8.5.1        GROWING DEMAND FOR LIGHT PASSENGER TRANSPORT VEHICLES TO DRIVE GROWTH       91

8.6           ULTRA SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES        93

8.6.1        GROWING DEMAND FOR LAST-MILE DELIVERY OPTIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH   93

8.6.2        INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     94

9               MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION                 95

9.1           INTRODUCTION              96

9.2           PERSONAL          97

9.2.1        LOWER UPFRONT COSTS AND BETTER FUEL ECONOMY TO DRIVE GROWTH        97

9.3           COMMERCIAL   99

9.3.1        SHARED MOBILITY AND LAST-MILE DELIVERY TO DRIVE MARKET GROWTH            99

9.3.2        INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     100

10            MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT         101

10.1         INTRODUCTION              102

10.2         <5 KW   103

10.2.1      LOW-COST AND BETTER EFFICIENCY TO DRIVE GROWTH             103

10.3         5-25 KW 105

10.3.1      BETTER LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY TO DRIVE GROWTH             105

10.4         26–40 KW              106

10.4.1      INCREASING KEI CAR AND A00 VEHICLE SALES TO DRIVE GROWTH               106

10.5         >40 KW 107

10.5.1      HIGHER POWER OUTPUT COMPARED TO OTHER MICROCARS TO DRIVE GROWTH              107

10.5.2      INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     109

11            QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION         110

11.1         INTRODUCTION              111

11.2         ICE         112

11.2.1      LOWER INITIAL COSTS AND AVAILABLE REFUELING INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE GROWTH 112

11.3         ELECTRIC & HYBRID      113

11.3.1      RISING DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY SOLUTIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH              113

11.3.2      INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     115

12            MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION           116

12.1         INTRODUCTION              117

12.2         ASIA       119

12.2.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK  119

12.2.2      CHINA  124

12.2.2.1  Increasing sales of A00 category vehicles to drive growth                 124

12.2.3      INDIA    126

12.2.3.1  Urbanization and OEM efforts on developing new vehicles to drive growth          126

12.2.4      JAPAN   127

12.2.4.1  Increasing Kei car sales to drive growth            127

12.2.5      SOUTH KOREA  129

12.2.5.1  Demand for last-mile delivery solutions to drive growth                 129

12.3         EUROPE               131

12.3.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK  131

12.3.2      FRANCE                136

12.3.2.1  Availability of charging infrastructure to drive growth   136

12.3.3      ITALY    138

12.3.3.1  Presence of key OEMs and demand for microcars in shared mobility to drive growth      138

12.3.4      GERMANY           139

12.3.4.1  Rising demand for electric microcars to drive growth    139

12.3.5      UK          141

12.3.5.1  Preference for microcars by elderly population to drive growth                 141

12.3.6      SPAIN    142

12.3.6.1  Increased popularity of electric quadricycles for sustainable mobility solutions to drive growth     142

12.3.7      REST OF EUROPE             144

12.4         NORTH AMERICA             145

12.4.1      MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK  145

12.4.2      US           149

12.4.2.1  Rising demand for zero-emission vehicles to drive growth                 149

12.4.3      CANADA               151

12.4.3.1  Improving EV charging infrastructure to drive growth  151

12.4.4      INDUSTRY INSIGHTS     152

13            COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE         153

13.1         OVERVIEW          153

13.2         KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2021–2025                 153

13.3         MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024                 155

13.3.1      ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024                 155

13.3.2      EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024                 155

13.4         REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP 5 PLAYERS, 2019–2023                 158

13.5         COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2024                 159

13.5.1      STARS   159

13.5.2      EMERGING LEADERS     159

13.5.3      PERVASIVE PLAYERS      159

13.5.4      PARTICIPANTS 159

13.5.5      COMPANY FOOTPRINT: KEY PLAYERS, 2024         161

13.5.5.1  Company footprint               161

13.5.5.2  Region footprint   161

13.5.5.3  End-use application footprint             162

13.5.5.4  Propulsion footprint             163

13.5.5.5  Power output footprint        163

13.6         COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2024        164

13.6.1      PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES         164

13.6.2      RESPONSIVE COMPANIES            164

13.6.3      DYNAMIC COMPANIES  164

13.6.4      STARTING BLOCKS         164

13.6.5      COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING               166

13.6.5.1  List of key startups/SMEs  166

13.6.5.2  Competitive benchmarking of startups/SMEs 167

13.7         COMPANY VALUATION 168

13.8         FINANCIAL METRICS      168

13.9         BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON             169

13.10       COMPETITIVE SCENARIO             170

13.10.1   PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS, 2021–2025                 170

13.10.2   DEALS, 2021–2025              172

14            COMPANY PROFILES      173

14.1         KEY PLAYERS     173

14.1.1      SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION               173

14.1.1.1  Business overview 173

14.1.1.2  Products offered   174

14.1.1.3  Recent developments           175

14.1.1.3.1                Product launches/developments        175

14.1.1.3.2                Deals      176

14.1.1.4  MnM view              176

14.1.1.4.1                Key strengths        176

14.1.1.4.2                Strategic choices   177

14.1.1.4.3                Weaknesses and competitive threats 177

14.1.2      HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.           178

14.1.2.1  Business overview 178

14.1.2.2  Products offered   179

14.1.2.3  Recent developments           180

14.1.2.3.1                Product launches/developments        180

14.1.2.4  MnM view              180

14.1.2.4.1                Key strengths        180

14.1.2.4.2                Strategic choices   180

14.1.2.4.3                Weaknesses and competitive threats 180

14.1.3      SAIC GM WULING AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD.          181

14.1.3.1  Business overview 181

14.1.3.2  Products offered   182

14.1.3.3  Recent developments           183

14.1.3.3.1                Product launches/developments        183

14.1.3.4  MnM view              183

14.1.3.4.1                Key strengths        183

14.1.3.4.2                Strategic choices   183

14.1.3.4.3                Weaknesses and competitive threats 184

14.1.4      STELLANTIS N.V.              185

14.1.4.1  Business overview 185

14.1.4.2  Products offered   186

14.1.4.3  Recent developments           187

14.1.4.3.1                Product launches/developments        187

14.1.4.4  MnM view              187

14.1.4.4.1                Key strengths        187

14.1.4.4.2                Strategic choices   187

14.1.4.4.3                Weaknesses and competitive threats 187

14.1.5      NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.            188

14.1.5.1  Business overview 188

14.1.5.2  Products offered   189

14.1.5.3  Recent developments           190

14.1.5.3.1                Product launches/developments        190

14.1.6      MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION   191

14.1.6.1  Business overview 191

14.1.6.2  Products offered   192

14.1.6.3  Recent developments           192

14.1.6.3.1                Product launches/developments        192

14.1.7      DAIHATSU MOTOR CO., LTD.    193

14.1.7.1  Business overview 193

14.1.7.2  Products offered   193

14.1.7.3  Recent developments           194

14.1.7.3.1                Product launches/developments        194

14.1.7.4  MnM view              194

14.1.7.4.1                Key strengths        194

14.1.7.4.2                Strategic choices   194

14.1.7.4.3                Weaknesses and competitive threats 194

14.1.8      BEIJING AUTOMOBILE WORKS CO., LTD.              195

14.1.8.1  Business overview 195

14.1.8.2  Products offered   195

14.1.9      BYD AUTO CO., LTD.      196

14.1.9.1  Business overview 196

14.1.9.2  Products offered   197

14.1.9.3  Recent developments           198

14.1.9.3.1                Product launches/developments        198

14.1.10   RENAULT GROUP            199

14.1.10.1                 Business overview 199

14.1.10.2                 Products offered   200

14.1.11   AIXAM-MEGA    201

14.1.11.1                 Business overview 201

14.1.11.2                 Products offered   201

14.1.12   ESTRIMA SPA     203

14.1.12.1                 Business overview 203

14.1.12.2                 Products offered   203

14.1.13   LIGIER GROUP  205

14.1.13.1                 Business overview 205

14.1.13.2                 Products offered   205

14.1.13.3                 Recent developments           206

14.1.13.3.1             Product launches/developments        206

14.1.13.3.2             Other developments             207

14.1.14   CHATENET ITALIA          208

14.1.14.1                 Business overview 208

14.1.14.2                 Products offered   208

14.1.14.3                 Recent developments           209

14.1.14.3.1             Product launches/developments        209

14.2         STARTUPS/SMES              210

14.2.1      PMV ELECTRIC PVT. LTD.            210

14.2.2      MICRO MOBILITY SYSTEMS AG 211

14.2.3      SPEEDWAYS ELECTRIC 212

14.2.4      KEYTON MOTOR              213

14.2.5      ELI ELECTRIC VEHICLES               214

14.2.6      WINK MOTORS INC.        215

14.2.7      WINGS EV            216

14.2.8      CITY TRANSFORMER      216

14.2.9      ELIO MOTORS INC.         217

14.2.10   APTERA MOTORS CORP.               217

14.2.11   GLOBAL ELECTRIC MOTORCARS              218

15            RECOMMENDATIONS BY MARKETSANDMARKETS                 219

15.1         ASIA TO BE LARGEST MARKET  219

15.2         ELECTRIC & HYBRID MICROCARS TO GROW AT SIGNIFICANT RATE         219

15.3         ADVANCEMENTS IN INFOTAINMENT AND CONNECTED CAR TECHNOLOGY         219

15.4         CONCLUSION    220

16            APPENDIX           221

16.1         INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY EXPERTS     221

16.2         DISCUSSION GUIDE        222

16.3         KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL                224

16.4         CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS        226

16.4.1      ELECTRIC MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY 226

16.5         RELATED REPORTS         226

16.6         AUTHOR DETAILS           227

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1                MICROCAR SPECIFICATIONS     23

TABLE 2                INCLUSION AND EXCLUSIONS  23

TABLE 3                CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES, 2021–2024                 25

TABLE 4                AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF MICROCARS OFFERED BY OEMS, 2025 (USD/UNIT)    54

TABLE 5                AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND OF MICROCARS, BY REGION,

2022–2024 (USD/UNIT)   55

TABLE 6                ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM    57

TABLE 7                PATENT ANALYSIS          60

TABLE 8                NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS                 63

TABLE 9                EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS           64

TABLE 10              ASIA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS           64

TABLE 11              KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2025–2026                 65

TABLE 12              INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY PROPULSION (%) 66

TABLE 13              KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY PROPULSION                 67

TABLE 14              US: TOTAL IMPORTS AND ADJUSTED RECIPROCAL TARIFFS, 2024         71

TABLE 15              US: AUTOMOTIVE IMPORTS AND ADJUSTED RECIPROCAL TARIFFS, 2024         72

TABLE 16              CHINESE EXPORTS TO US AND MEXICO, 2022–2024        74

TABLE 17              EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)      77

TABLE 18              EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)      77

TABLE 19              EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            78

TABLE 20              EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            78

TABLE 21              KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                81

TABLE 22              KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                81

TABLE 23              KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 82

TABLE 24              KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 82

TABLE 25              MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                85

TABLE 26              MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                86

TABLE 27              MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 86

TABLE 28              MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 86

TABLE 29              KEI CARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                87

TABLE 30              KEI CARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                87

TABLE 31              KEI CARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            88

TABLE 32              KEI CARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            88

TABLE 33              A00 VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                89

TABLE 34              A00 VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                89

TABLE 35              A00 VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 89

TABLE 36              A00 VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 89

TABLE 37              NEIGHBORHOOD ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)               90

TABLE 38              NEIGHBORHOOD ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)               90

TABLE 39              NEIGHBORHOOD ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            91

TABLE 40              NEIGHBORHOOD ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            91

TABLE 41              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                92

TABLE 42              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                92

TABLE 43              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 92

TABLE 44              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 92

TABLE 45              ULTRA SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)  93

TABLE 46              ULTRA SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)  93

TABLE 47              ULTRA SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            93

TABLE 48              ULTRA SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            94

TABLE 49              MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)             96

TABLE 50              MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)             96

TABLE 51              MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)              97

TABLE 52              MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)              97

TABLE 53              PERSONAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            98

TABLE 54              PERSONAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            98

TABLE 55              PERSONAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            98

TABLE 56              PERSONAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            98

TABLE 57              COMMERCIAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)         99

TABLE 58              COMMERCIAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)         99

TABLE 59              COMMERCIAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)          100

TABLE 60              COMMERCIAL MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)          100

TABLE 61              MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            102

TABLE 62              MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            102

TABLE 63              MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            103

TABLE 64              MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            103

TABLE 65              <5 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)      104

TABLE 66              <5 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)      104

TABLE 67              <5 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)       104

TABLE 68              <5 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)       104

TABLE 69              5–25 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            105

TABLE 70              5–25 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            105

TABLE 71              5–25 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            105

TABLE 72              5–25 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            106

TABLE 73              26–40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            106

TABLE 74              26–40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            106

TABLE 75              26–40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            107

TABLE 76              26–40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            107

TABLE 77              >40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)      108

TABLE 78              >40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)      108

TABLE 79              >40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)       108

TABLE 80              >40 KW MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)       108

TABLE 81              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            111

TABLE 82              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            111

TABLE 83              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            112

TABLE 84              QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            112

TABLE 85              ICE QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)      112

TABLE 86              ICE QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)      113

TABLE 87              ICE QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)       113

TABLE 88              ICE QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)       113

TABLE 89              ELECTRIC & HYBRID QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)  114

TABLE 90              ELECTRIC & HYBRID QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)  114

TABLE 91              ELECTRIC & HYBRID QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            114

TABLE 92              ELECTRIC & HYBRID QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY REGION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            115

TABLE 93              MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (UNITS)                117

TABLE 94              MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (UNITS)                118

TABLE 95              MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION) 118

TABLE 96              MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 118

TABLE 97              ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)      122

TABLE 98              ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)      123

TABLE 99              ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)       123

TABLE 100            ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)       123

TABLE 101            CHINA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       124

TABLE 102            CHINA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       125

TABLE 103            CHINA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        125

TABLE 104            CHINA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        125

TABLE 105            INDIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       126

TABLE 106            INDIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       126

TABLE 107            INDIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        127

TABLE 108            INDIA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        127

TABLE 109            JAPAN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       128

TABLE 110            JAPAN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       128

TABLE 111            JAPAN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        128

TABLE 112            JAPAN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        129

TABLE 113            SOUTH KOREA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       129

TABLE 114            SOUTH KOREA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       130

TABLE 115            SOUTH KOREA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            130

TABLE 116            SOUTH KOREA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            130

TABLE 117            EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            135

TABLE 118            EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            135

TABLE 119            EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            135

TABLE 120            EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            136

TABLE 121            FRANCE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       136

TABLE 122            FRANCE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       137

TABLE 123            FRANCE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        137

TABLE 124            FRANCE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        137

TABLE 125            ITALY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       138

TABLE 126            ITALY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       138

TABLE 127            ITALY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        138

TABLE 128            ITALY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        139

TABLE 129            GERMANY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       139

TABLE 130            GERMANY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       140

TABLE 131            GERMANY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        140

TABLE 132            GERMANY: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        140

TABLE 133            UK: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            141

TABLE 134            UK: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            141

TABLE 135            UK: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            142

TABLE 136            UK: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            142

TABLE 137            SPAIN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       143

TABLE 138            SPAIN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       143

TABLE 139            SPAIN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        143

TABLE 140            SPAIN: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        143

TABLE 141            REST OF EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       144

TABLE 142            REST OF EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       144

TABLE 143            REST OF EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT,

2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            144

TABLE 144            REST OF EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            145

TABLE 145            NORTH AMERICA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (UNITS)    148

TABLE 146            NORTH AMERICA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (UNITS)    149

TABLE 147            NORTH AMERICA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)     149

TABLE 148            NORTH AMERICA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)     149

TABLE 149            US: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)            150

TABLE 150            US: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)            150

TABLE 151            US: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)            150

TABLE 152            US: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            150

TABLE 153            CANADA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (UNITS)       151

TABLE 154            CANADA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (UNITS)       151

TABLE 155            CANADA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2021–2024 (USD MILLION)        151

TABLE 156            CANADA: MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION)        152

TABLE 157            KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2021–2025        153

TABLE 158            MICROCARS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION (ASIA), 2024         156

TABLE 159            MICROCARS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION (EUROPE), 2024 156

TABLE 160            REGION FOOTPRINT     161

TABLE 161            END-USE APPLICATION FOOTPRINT      162

TABLE 162            PROPULSION FOOTPRINT           163

TABLE 163            POWER OUTPUT FOOTPRINT   163

TABLE 164            LIST OF STARTUPS/SMES             166

TABLE 165            COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF STARTUPS/SMES (1/2)   167

TABLE 166            COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF STARTUPS/SMES (2/2)   167

TABLE 167            MICROCARS MARKET: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS, 2021–2025                170

TABLE 168            MICROCARS MARKET: DEALS, 2021–2025                 172

TABLE 169            SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW          173

TABLE 170            SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED             174

TABLE 171            SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    175

TABLE 172            SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION: DEALS                 176

TABLE 173            HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW          178

TABLE 174            HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED             179

TABLE 175            HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    180

TABLE 176            SAIC GM WULING AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW   181

TABLE 177            SAIC GM WULING AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    182

TABLE 178            SAIC GM WULING AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS               183

TABLE 179            STELLANTIS N.V.: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 185

TABLE 180            STELLANTIS N.V.: PRODUCTS OFFERED                 186

TABLE 181            STELLANTIS N.V.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    187

TABLE 182            NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW          188

TABLE 183            NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED             189

TABLE 184            NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    190

TABLE 185            MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW   191

TABLE 186            MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED    192

TABLE 187            MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS               192

TABLE 188            DAIHATSU MOTOR CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW          193

TABLE 189            DAIHATSU MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED             193

TABLE 190            DAIHATSU MOTOR CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    194

TABLE 191            BEIJING AUTOMOBILE WORKS CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW   195

TABLE 192            BEIJING AUTOMOBILE WORKS CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    195

TABLE 193            BYD AUTO CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 196

TABLE 194            BYD AUTO CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED                 197

TABLE 195            BYD AUTO CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    198

TABLE 196            RENAULT GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 199

TABLE 197            RENAULT GROUP: PRODUCTS OFFERED                 200

TABLE 198            AIXAM-MEGA: COMPANY OVERVIEW     201

TABLE 199            AIXAM-MEGA: PRODUCTS OFFERED      201

TABLE 200            ESTRIMA SPA: COMPANY OVERVIEW      203

TABLE 201            ESTRIMA SPA: PRODUCTS OFFERED       203

TABLE 202            LIGIER GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW   205

TABLE 203            LIGIER GROUP: PRODUCTS OFFERED    205

TABLE 204            LIGIER GROUP: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    206

TABLE 205            LIGIER GROUP: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS                 207

TABLE 206            CHATENET ITALIA: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 208

TABLE 207            CHATENET ITALIA: PRODUCTS OFFERED                 208

TABLE 208            CHATENET ITALIA: PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS    209

TABLE 209            PMV ELECTRIC PVT. LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW          210

TABLE 210            MICRO MOBILITY SYSTEMS AG: COMPANY OVERVIEW          211

TABLE 211            SPEEDWAYS ELECTRIC: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 212

TABLE 212            KEYTON MOTOR: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 213

TABLE 213            ELI ELECTRIC VEHICLES: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 214

TABLE 214            WINK MOTORS INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 215

TABLE 215            WINGS EV: COMPANY OVERVIEW             216

TABLE 216            CITY TRANSFORMER: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 216

TABLE 217            ELIO MOTORS INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 217

TABLE 218            APTERA MOTORS CORP.: COMPANY OVERVIEW                 217

TABLE 219            GLOBAL ELECTRIC MOTORCARS: COMPANY OVERVIEW          218

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1              MICROCARS MARKET SEGMENTATION 24

FIGURE 2              RESEARCH DESIGN         27

FIGURE 3              RESEARCH DESIGN MODEL         28

FIGURE 4              RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: HYPOTHESIS BUILDING           31

FIGURE 5              BOTTOM-UP APPROACH FOR POWER OUTPUT AND COUNTRY-LEVEL

AND REGIONAL SEGMENTS        32

FIGURE 6              TOP-DOWN APPROACH FOR END-USE APPLICATION, PROPULSION,

AND CLASSIFICATION SEGMENTS           33

FIGURE 7              DATA TRIANGULATION                34

FIGURE 8              FACTORS IMPACTING MARKET 34

FIGURE 9              DEMAND- AND SUPPLY-SIDE FACTOR ANALYSIS            35

FIGURE 10            MICROCARS MARKET OVERVIEW             37

FIGURE 11            MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025 VS. 2032                 37

FIGURE 12            MICROCAR SALES BY CATEGORY, 2021–2024                 38

FIGURE 13            RISING URBANIZATION AND DEMAND FOR URBAN MOBILITY

SOLUTIONS TO DRIVE MARKET                40

FIGURE 14            KEI CARS TO BE LARGEST CATEGORY OF MICROCARS IN 2032        40

FIGURE 15            > 40 KW SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2032   41

FIGURE 16            PERSONAL SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGER MARKET SHARE THAN COMMERCIAL SEGMENT IN 2032                 41

FIGURE 17            ELECTRIC & HYBRID SEGMENT TO SURPASS ICE SEGMENT

DURING FORECAST PERIOD       42

FIGURE 18            ELECTRIC & HYBRID SEGMENT TO BE DOMINANT DURING FORECAST PERIOD              42

FIGURE 19            L7 TO BE LARGEST CLASSIFICATION SEGMENT IN 2032  43

FIGURE 20            ASIA TO DOMINATE MICROCARS MARKET IN 2025        43

FIGURE 21            MICROCARS MARKET DYNAMICS             45

FIGURE 22            POPULATION SHIFT FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS, 2000–2024              46

FIGURE 23            NUMBER OF AC AND DC CHARGING STATIONS (THOUSAND UNITS)      47

FIGURE 24            TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS   53

FIGURE 25            AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF MICROCARS OFFERED BY OEMS, 2025 (USD/UNIT)    55

FIGURE 26            AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND OF MICROCARS, BY REGION,

2022–2024 (USD/UNIT)   55

FIGURE 27            ECOSYSTEM MAP             56

FIGURE 28            ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS  56

FIGURE 29            SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS             58

FIGURE 30            PATENT ANALYSIS          59

FIGURE 31            INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY PROPULSION          66

FIGURE 32            KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY PROPULSION                 67

FIGURE 33            QUADRICYCLES, BATTERY CAPACITY VS. POWER OUTPUT              68

FIGURE 34            A00 VEHICLES, BATTERY CAPACITY VS. POWER OUTPUT              69

FIGURE 35            KEI CARS, ENGINE CAPACITY VS. POWER OUTPUT              70

FIGURE 36            EUROPEAN QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY CLASSIFICATION,

2025–2032 (USD MILLION)            77

FIGURE 37            KEI CARS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 81

FIGURE 38            MICROCARS MARKET, BY CATEGORY, 2025–2032 (USD MILLION) 85

FIGURE 39            MICROCARS MARKET, BY END-USE APPLICATION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)       96

FIGURE 40            MICROCARS MARKET, BY POWER OUTPUT, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)                102

FIGURE 41            QUADRICYCLES MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      111

FIGURE 42            MICROCARS MARKET, BY REGION, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION) 117

FIGURE 43            ASIA: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026              120

FIGURE 44            ASIA: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026                 120

FIGURE 45            ASIA: INFLATION RATE AVERAGE CONSUMER PRICES, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026                120

FIGURE 46            ASIA: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024  121

FIGURE 47            ASIA: MICROCARS MARKET SNAPSHOT 122

FIGURE 48            EUROPE: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026      132

FIGURE 49            EUROPE: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026        132

FIGURE 50            EUROPE: INFLATION RATE AVERAGE CONSUMER PRICES, BY COUNTRY,

2024–2026              133

FIGURE 51            EUROPE: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024  133

FIGURE 52            EUROPE: MICROCARS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025 VS. 2032 (USD MILLION)      134

FIGURE 53            NORTH AMERICA: REAL GDP GROWTH RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026                146

FIGURE 54            NORTH AMERICA: GDP PER CAPITA, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026      146

FIGURE 55            NORTH AMERICA: CPI INFLATION RATE, BY COUNTRY, 2024–2026      147

FIGURE 56            NORTH AMERICA: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, 2024            147

FIGURE 57            NORTH AMERICA: MICROCARS MARKET SNAPSHOT          148

FIGURE 58            ASIA: MARKET SHARE OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024                 155

FIGURE 59            EUROPE: MARKET SHARE OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024                 155

FIGURE 60            REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP 5 PLAYERS, 2019–2023        158

FIGURE 61            MICROCARS MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (KEY PLAYERS), 2024     160

FIGURE 62            COMPANY FOOTPRINT 161

FIGURE 63            MICROCARS MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (STARTUPS/SMES), 2024               165

FIGURE 64            COMPANY VALUATION, 2024 (USD BILLION)                 168

FIGURE 65            FINANCIAL METRICS, 2024            168

FIGURE 66            BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON             169

FIGURE 67            SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT          174

FIGURE 68            HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT          179

FIGURE 69            SAIC GM WULING AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT   182

FIGURE 70            STELLANTIS N.V.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT                 186

FIGURE 71            NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT          189

FIGURE 72            MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT   191

FIGURE 73            BYD AUTO CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT                 197

FIGURE 74            RENAULT GROUP: COMPANY SNAPSHOT                 200