三次元細胞培養の技術と世界市場

三次元細胞培養の世界市場は、2023 年に46 億ドル規模となり、2023 年から 2028 年まで年間平均成長率 (CAGR) 26.5%で成長し、2028 年までに 148 億ドルに達するとBCC Researchでは予測しています。

BCC Research（BCCリサーチ）「三次元細胞培養の技術と世界市場 – 3D Cell Cultures: Technologies and Global Markets」は世界の三次元細胞培養市場を調査し、主要セグメント毎の分析・予測結果を提供します。

主な掲載内容

• イントロダクション
• サマリー＆ハイライト
• 市場概観
• タイプ別三次元細胞培養市場
  • 情報技術：細胞培養研究市場向けソフトウェアとサービス
  • 細胞培養用バイオプロセス用消耗品
  • バイオプロセス装置
  • バイオ医薬品とワクチンの大規模製造
  • 体細胞、幹細胞、組織作製向けの小規模接着
  • 細胞培養のエンドユーザー
  • 細胞培養の用途
  • 地域市場
• アッセイ、画像、解析
• 法規制と規格化
• がん向け三次元モデル
• 毒物と薬物安全性試験の情勢
• 地域別三次元細胞培養市場
  • 北米
  • 欧州
  • アジア太平洋地域
  • その他の地域（RoW）
• 幹細胞の情勢
• 再生医療：臓器移植と代用皮膚
• 関連企業情報

Report Highlights

The global market for 3D cell culture is estimated to increase from $4.6 billion in 2023 to reach $14.8 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26.5% from 2023 through 2028.

Summary

This chapter also offers both fundamental information and important matters in the market. These include an introduction to basic distinctions such as the differences between in vitro and in vivo and changes in the marketplace. It also deals with matters that need closer scrutiny, such as the growing calls for standardization and how innovation is taking on new and unexpected features affecting future commercialization initiatives.

3D cell culture technologies are a powerful tool for studying cell biology, disease mechanisms and drug discovery. 3D cell culture models mimic the 3D structure and cell-cell interactions that are found in real tissues, making them more accurate and predictive than traditional 2D cell culture models.

There are a variety of 3D cell culture technologies available, including –

• Scaffold-based 3D cell culture: This approach uses a scaffold to provide a 3D support structure for cells to grow on. Scaffolds can be made from a variety of materials, including natural polymers, synthetic polymers and hydrogels.
• Scaffold-free 3D cell culture: This approach does not use a scaffold. Instead, cells are grown in a suspension of culture medium and gel-forming agents, such as collagen or Matrigel.
• Bioprinting: This approach uses a 3D printer to deposit cells and biomaterials layer-by-layer to create complex 3D cell culture models.

3D cell culture technologies have a wide range of applications, including –

• Drug discovery: 3D cell culture models can be used to screen new drug candidates for safety and efficacy before they are tested in clinical trials. 3D cell culture models can also be used to study the mechanisms of drug resistance and to develop new strategies to overcome drug resistance.
• Disease modeling: 3D cell culture models can be used to study the biology of diseases and to develop new treatments. For example, 3D cancer models can be used to study tumor growth and metastasis, and 3D neurodegenerative disease models can be used to study the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
• Regenerative medicine: 3D cell culture models can be used to develop new cell-based therapies for a variety of diseases. For example, 3D skin models can be used to grow new skin for patients with burns or other skin injuries, and 3D liver models can be used to grow new liver tissue for patients with liver disease.

Report Scope

This report aims to provide a comprehensive study of the global 3D cell culture technologies market. It provides a detailed description of the different types of healthcare interoperability solutions and their current and historical market revenues.

The scope of the report encompasses the major types of 3D cell culture which are being used by industry, academic researchers, government labs, and independent research groups. This includes the main inputs such as cell lines, media, sera, reagents, software, and instrumentation. It analyzes the current market status, examines future market drivers and presents forecasts of growth over the next five years.

The market structure has been reorganized for this edition. Also, more research was done on base case data for different product areas. The greater emphasis is on the different products used for 3D cell culture, but the report also investigates the market in terms of types of applications, end users and geographic regions.

Report Synopsis

Report Includes:

• 17 data tables and 105 additional tables
• An overview of the global market landscape related to the 3D cell cultures technologies
• In-depth analysis of global market trends, featuring historical revenue data for 2020-2022, estimated figures for 2023, as well as forecasts for 2028. This analysis includes projections of Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGRs) spanning through 2028
• Evaluation of the current market size and revenue growth prospects specific to 3D cell cultures technologies, accompanied by a comprehensive market share analysis categorized by type, end user, and geographical region
• Information on analytical systems used in tissue and cell culture, cellomics, and human cancer model initiative (HCMI)
• Details about assay development for mesenchymal stem cells, In Vitro testing of adventitious agents and description of assays and assay kits
• A look at the main classes of models for researching cancer and other diseases, benefits of 3D models to cancer research and description of 3D engineered scaffolds
• Analysis of the market’s dynamics, specifically growth drivers, restraints, and opportunities and discussion on the impact of COVID-19 on the world of cell culture
• Insights into U.S. regulatory status of bioprinted products; basic guidance for the regulation of biologics, regenerative medicine and xenotransplants
• Relevant patent analysis, including recent activity and a list of key patents
• Detailed profiles of leading market participants, providing a descriptive overview of their respective businesses, including Abcam PLC, Agilent Technologies Inc., Corning Inc., Merck KGAA, Beckman Coulter, and Synvivo Inc.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction
Study Goals and Objectives
Reasons for Doing the Study
Scope of Report
What’s New in This Report?
Methodology and Information Sources
Geographic Breakdown
Segment Breakdown
Chapter 2 Summary and Highlights
Market Outlook
Market Summary
Chapter 3 Market Overview
An Opening Comment on an Amazing Industry
Industry Issues
In Vitro versus In Vivo
Dimensionality
The Research Chain for 2D and 3D Cell Culture
Best Practices
Standardization
Regulation
Genomics Forcing the Hand of the FDA
Leachables and Extractables
Broad Issues
Research Talent Shortages
The Shifting International Picture
Pace and Diversification of Innovation
A Comment on the “Other” Areas of Cell Culture
Omics Everywhere
Is 2020 a Watershed Year for the Cell Culture Industry?
Preliminary Market Analysis
Cell Culture Market Growth Rate Estimates
Assessing Large-Scale Media Consumption Needs
Modeling Future Growth in Biopharmaceuticals
Base Case for the Cell Culture Market
Challenges in Projecting Sales and Growth
Cell Culture Media Market Estimates
Cell and Gene Therapy Bioprocessing Segment
Evaluating Media Consumption for Biosimilars
What About CDMOs?
Microfluidics
Bioreactors
Internal Cell Culture Resources
Is There Too Much Concentration of Ownership in Biotechnology?
Characterizing Innovation in 3D Cell Culture
Bioprinting Strategic Roadmap
Chapter 4 Market, by Type
Where Did Tissue and Cell Culture Start?
History and Early Applications
Invention of Tissue Culture
Development of Sustained Cell Lines
First Cell Culture Flask and Rigorous Techniques
Lindbergh: The Cell Culture Equipment Pioneer
Establishing Continuous Cell Lines
Key Developments in Equipment
Terminology and Concepts
Tissue and Cell Culture Industry
Tissue Culture and Cell Culture Definitions
Cell Lines
Care and Growth of Cell Culture Systems
Media, Sera, and Reagents
Gels and Scaffolds
Microplates/Microtiter Plates
Bioanalytical Instruments
Bioanalytical Imaging
Bioprinting
Bioreactors
Other Equipment for Cell Culture
Adherent Approaches
Traditional Roller Bottles
Other Systems
Information Technology: Software and Services for the Cell Culture Research Market
Software for the Research Market in Cell Culture
Software-Related Support Services
Bioprocessing Consumables for Cell Culture
Microcarriers for Large-Scale 3D Culture
Sera for Large-Scale 3D Culture
Media for Large-Scale 3D Culture
Bioreactor Bags for Large-Scale 3D Culture
Other
Bioprocessing Equipment
Analytical Equipment for Bioprocessing
Automation Systems for Bioprocessing
Support Equipment for Bioprocessing
Aspects of Large-Scale Manufacturing of Biopharmaceuticals and Vaccines
Suspension Proteins and Monoclonal Antibodies
Adherent-Cell-Based Therapies and Vaccines
Small-Scale Adherent to Make Somatic Cells, Stem Cells and Tissues
Vaccines
Vaccine Development as a Catalyst
Vaccines Developed Using Human Cell Strains
Exosome Manufacturing
Viral Vector Manufacturing
Lentivirus Manufacturing
Plasmid Manufacturing
Cell Culture End Users
Pharma/Biopharma
Universities
Government
CROs/CDMOS
Other
Cell Culture Applications
Drug Discovery
Clinical Development
Toxicology
Basic Research
Bioprocessing Development
Other
Regional Markets
The Americas
Europe
Asia-Pacific
Rest of the World
Chapter 5 Assays, Imaging and Analysis
Assays
Assay Development for Mesenchymal Stem Cells
In Vitro Testing of Adventitious Agents
Assays and Assay Kits
Cell-Based Assays: Overview and Newer Developments
Cells Used in Cell-Based Assays
Notes on 3D Cell-Based Assays
Kinetic Metabolism Assays
Cell Proliferation
Viability and Cytotoxicity
Permeability Assays for Cell Viability and Survival
Cell Invasion
Cell Signaling and Communication
Cytostatic
Cell Death Assays
Imaging Technology
Imaging Assays
Fluorescence as a Driver of Screening
Analytical Systems Used in Tissue and Cell Culture
Understanding “Cellomics”
HCS Support of 3D Cell Culture
NGS Discovery Pools
Multiplex Assays
Predictive Toxicology
Neuro Safety
The Omics Invasion
Transcriptomics
Chapter 6 Regulation and Standardization
U.S. Regulatory Status of Bioprinted Products
Basic Guidance for the Regulation of Biologics
Guidance for Regenerative Medicine
Guidance for Xenotransplants
Guidance for Regenerative Medicine: Emergency Approval
Regulating Bioprinted Products
Chapter 7 3D Models for Cancer
Disease Modeling
Cancer
Main Classes of Models for Researching Cancer and Other Diseases
Cell Lines
Spheroids and Organoids
Genetically Engineered Mouse Model (GEMM)
Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts (PDXs)
Overview: Cancer at the Cellular Level
In Vivo (Animal) Testing Standard
Empire of the Mouse
Humanized Mice
2D Culture
3D Requirements
Cell Number and Viability
Migration and Invasion
Unmet Needs: Angiogenesis and Immune System Evasion
Benefits of 3D Models to Cancer Research
Greater Distinction in Cell Morphology and Proliferation
Greater Gene Expression and Cell Behavior
Better Models of Cell Migration and Invasion
Cell Heterogeneity
Breast Cancer as a Driver of 3D Cultures
Structure, Polarity and Apoptosis
Melanoma as a Driver of 3D Cultures
Moving to Spheroid Configurations
3D Systems in Cancer Research
Multicellular Tumor Spheroids
Multilayered Cell Cultures
3D Engineered Scaffolds
Natural Materials
Synthetic Materials
Human Cancer Model Initiative (HCMI)
Next-Generation Human Cancer Models
Drug Sensitivity and Resistance
Altered Signaling and Sensitivity
Drug Resistance
Cellular Signaling
Cellular Signaling Mediated by Integrins
Drug Screening
Approaches and Endpoints
Spheroid Applications
Metastasis via 3D Cell Migration Model
Metastasis via Lung-on-Chip
Cancer Metabolism
Future Horizons
Metastases
Co-culture
Vascularization
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Cancer Stem Cells
Combination Therapies
Biologics Development
Tumor Recurrence
Patient-Derived Cells
Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts (PDXs)
Evolution of PDX Platforms
Chapter 8 Landscape for Toxicology and Drug Safety Testing
Introduction
Liver
Toxicology Background
Testing for Adverse Effects on the Skin
New Assessment Methodologies Impact on 3D Cell Culture
Toxicology Testing in Cosmetics
Updated Regulatory Requirements
Efficacy of Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals
Aspects of Cosmetic Toxicity Testing
Skin Irritation
Skin Corrosion
Phototoxicity
Skin Sensitization
Eye Irritation
Acute Systemic Toxicity
Acute Toxicity Testing
Cytotoxicity Assays for Acute Toxicity Testing
Chronic and Repeated Dose Toxicity
Carcinogenicity and Genotoxicity
Overview
In Vitro Methods: Background and Recent Developments
Regulatory versus Drug Development Applications
Efforts to Reduce False Positives
Recent Innovations in Screening
Future Challenge: Non-genotoxic Carcinogens
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity
Background
Following the Reproductive Cycle
Development and Reproductive Tox Testing Types
Zebrafish Model for Developmental Toxicity Screening
Combination of Zebrafish and Stem Cells
Biomedical Frontiers: Male Testis
Endocrine Disruptor Screening
Background
Environmental Toxicology Impacts In Vitro Methods
ToxCast and Tox 21 Initiatives
Future Challenge: Thyroid Disruption
BG1 Assay
Toxicokinetics and ADME
In Vitro Developments
Metabolism
Pharmacokinetics of Low-Turnover Compounds
Organotypic Models
3D Models for Skin
3D Corneal System
Absorption Barrier Models
Gastrointestinal
Lung
Blood-Brain Barrier
Real Architecture for 3D Tissue Barriers and Extracellular Matrix
Liver Toxicity
Uniqueness and Complexity of Liver
Liver as a Key Driver for 3D Innovation
In Vitro Liver Applications
In Vivo Liver Function and Structure
Liver Metabolism
In Vitro Liver Models
Co-cultures of Hepatocytes and Macrophages
3D Liver Models
Bioprinted Liver Tissue
Detected Hepatosphere Structures and Functionality
Ideal Criteria
Drug Resistance
Transporter Studies
Achieving Heterotypic Cell-Cell Contacts
Unmet Needs and Future Drivers of Innovation
Morphogen Signaling
Multi-donor Liver Cells
Kidney Toxicity Applications
Future Challenge: Stem-Cell Derived Kidney Cells
Bioprinted Kidney Tissue
Pancreatic Toxicology Applications
Cardiovascular Toxicity
Commercial Avenue
Collaboration with Regulators
Cardiovascular Drug Discovery
Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs) Based on Impedance
Surrogate for Aortic Ring Assay via Bioprinted Magnetics
Vasodilator Activity
3D Engineered Heart Tissues
Chapter 9 Market Breakdown by Region
Introduction
North America
United States
Canada
Europe
Germany
United Kingdom
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Singapore
Rest of the World
Chapter 10 Stem Cell Landscape
A History of Stem Cells
Major and Minor Research Areas for Stem Cells
3D Stem Cell Culture Systems
Plate or Culture Dish
Spinner Flask and Rotating Wall Vessel
Perfusion Bioreactor and Microcarrier Systems
Shortcomings
Microfluidics and Stem Cells
Short Review of Stem Cell Biology
Embryogenesis
Growth, Structure and Morphology of Stem Cells
Stem Cell Differentiation
Stem Cell Differentiation versus Proliferation
Extracellular Matrix and Stem Cells
Soluble Factors
Manufacturing Stem Cells
Controlling Embryoid Body Formation
Forced Aggregation Cultures
Hanging-Drop Approach
Applications
Stem Cell Markers for High-Throughput Screening
Teratomas and the Teratoma Assay
Fujifilm (Cellular Dynamics Inc.)
Stem Cell Research Breakthroughs
Stem Cells for Neuroscience Discovery and Development
Example: Alzheimer’s Research
Background: B-Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis
Human iPSC-Derived Models
New 3D Model
Other Advantages of 3D
Envisioned Applications
Other 3D Neuro Applications
Stem Cells for Cardiovascular Discovery
Stem Cells for the Development of Regenerative Medicine
Background: Allogenic versus Autologous
MicroRNAs
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (IPS)
Chapter 11 Regenerative Medicine: Organ Transplants and Skin Substitutes
Regenerative Medicine
Need for Organ Transplants
Applications in Regenerative Medicine
Investments in Regenerative Medicine
Skin Substitutes Industry
Tissue Culture Allograft and Autograft Products
Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine
Chapter 12 Company Profiles
3D BIOPRINTING SOLUTIONS
3D BIOTEK LLC
4D TECHNOLOGY CORP.
ABCAM PLC
AKRON BIOTECH
AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.
ALPCO
AMSBIO
BECKMAN COULTER INC.
BIOINSPIRED SOLUTIONS
BIOTIME INC.
BIOVISION INC.
CELL APPLICATIONS INC.
CELLINK
CORNING INC.
CYPROTEX
CYTIVA
CYTOO SA
EMD MILLIPORE / MERCK KGAA
EMULATE INC.
ENVISIONTEC INC.
EPITHELIX
EUROFINS SAS
GREINER BIO-ONE INTERNATIONAL GMBH
HAMILTON ROBOTICS
HUB ORGANOIDS
HUREL CORP.
INSPHERO
INVITROCUE
KIYATEC INC.
LIFENET HEALTH
LOREM VASCULAR / CYTORI THERAPEUTICS INC.
MATTEK
MIMETAS INC.
ORGANOVO HOLDINGS INC.
PERKINELMER INC.
PLASTICELL LTD.
PLURISTEM THERAPEUTICS INC.
POIETIS
PROMEGA CORP.
SEAHORSE BIOSCIENCE
STEMCELL TECHNOLOGIES
STRATATECH CORP.
SYNVIVO INC.
TAP BIOSYSTEMS
TECAN TRADING AG
ZEN-BIO INC.

List of Tables
Summary Table : Global Market for 3D Cell Culture, by Segment, Through 2028
Table 1 : Dimensionality of Cell Culture
Table 2 : WHO R&D Roadmap of Priority Infectious Diseases
Table 3 : 3D Bioprinting Roadmap
Table 4 : Selected Online Prices for Bioreactors
Table 5 : Global Market for 3D Cell Culture, by Segment, Through 2028
Table 6 : Tissue Types
Table 7 : Cell Types Based on Developmental Origin
Table 8 : Leading Cell Line Suppliers, April 2020
Table 9 : Commonly Used Transformed Cells Lines
Table 10 : Major Primary Cell Lines
Table 11 : Leading Primary Cell Suppliers
Table 12 : Main Types of Stem Cells
Table 13 : Stem Cell Services
Table 14 : Areas of Interest in 3D Spheroid Research
Table 15 : Selected Nanoparticle Products Used in Life Science Research
Table 16 : Results of Liver-Chip Drugs Halted in Previous Clinical Trials Based on Animal Studies
Table 17 : Companies and Universities Involved in the Organ-on-a-Chip Industry
Table 18 : Microfluidics Companies
Table 19 : Selected Recent Patents Issued on Microfluidic Devices Related to Cell Culture Applications
Table 20 : Selected Papers Published on Recent Microfluidic Advances in Cell Culture
Table 21 : High-Content Screening Suppliers and Key Attributes
Table 22 : Selected Patents Issued Related to Flow Cytometers
Table 23 : Thermo Fisher Imaging Products
Table 24 : Recent Bioprinting Company Deals and Strategic Partnerships
Table 25 : Bioprinting Modalities
Table 26 : Maintaining Cell Viability During Printing
Table 27 : Bioprinting Instrument Industry
Table 28 : Biomaterial Components
Table 29 : Bioink Types
Table 30 : Classes of Matrix Bioink Hydrogels
Table 31 : Matrix Bioink Selection Criteria
Table 32 : Selected Bioink Companies, 2020
Table 33 : Projected Unit Sales of Research Bioreactors, <10 Liters, 2020
Table 34 : Leading Bioreactor Suppliers, 2020
Table 35 : Label-Free Technologies and Suppliers
Table 36 : Developmental Issues Facing the Commercialization of Exosomes
Table 37 : Companies Working on Exosome Products
Table 38 : Global Market for Cell Culture, by End User, Through 2028
Table 39 : Global Market for Cell Culture, by Application, Through 2028
Table 40 : Global Market for Cell Culture, by Region, Through 2028
Table 41 : Typical Assay Endpoints and Tests
Table 42 : U.S. Patents on Assays Systems, 2019 and 2020
Table 43 : Selected U.S. Patents on Assay Imaging, 2019 and 2020
Table 44 : Recently Issued U.S. Patents on Cellomics, 2019
Table 45 : Toxicology Issues That Need to Be Addressed for FDA-Regulated Products
Table 46 : Overview of Federal Regulation of the Cell Culture Markets
Table 47 : FDA List of Cell, Biologic and Tissue Products Regulated Under CBER and CDRH
Table 48 : FDA “Talking Point” Recommendations for Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapies (RMATs)
Table 49 : U.S. Regulatory Considerations for Bioprinted Biologics
Table 50 : Main Types of Models for Researching Cancer and Other Diseases
Table 51 : Goals of Funding Opportunity Announcement RFA-CA-19-055
Table 52 : Common 3D Assays
Table 53 : Summary of the Benefits and Advantages of EV3D
Table 54 : ECVAM List of Current Activities, 2020
Table 55 : In Vitro Testing in Cosmetics, by Test Class
Table 56 : Global Market for Cell Culture by Region, Through 2028
Table 57 : North American Market for Cell Culture by Country, Through 2028
Table 58 : European Market for Cell Culture by Country, Through 2028
Table 59 : Asia-Pacific Market for Cell Culture by Country, Through 2028
Table 60 : RoW Market for Cell Culture by Region, Through 2028
Table 61 : Major and Minor Research Areas in Stem Cells
Table 62 : Stem Cell Usage in Research
Table 63 : Recent U.S. Patents Granted on Stem Cell Technologies
Table 64 : Papers Published on Selected Stem Cell Research Trends
Table 65 : Comparison of the Number of Citations in the Literature on Cell Culture versus Stem Cell Culture
Table 66 : Number of Organ Transplants Performed in the United States, 2018 and 2019
Table 67 : Total Global Financing of Regenerative Medicine
Table 68 : Total Financing of Regenerative Medicine, by Therapeutic Area
Table 69 : Leading Tissue Products and Suppliers
Table 70 : Printed Tissue and Organs: Commercialization Timeframe
Table 71 : Tissue/Organ Complexity
Table 72 : 3D Bioprinting Solutions: Company Snapshot
Table 73 : 3D Biotek LLC: Company Snapshot
Table 74 : 4D Technology Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 75 : Abcam Plc: Company Snapshot
Table 76 : Abcam PLC: Financial Performance, 2022
Table 77 : Akron Biotech: Company Snapshot
Table 78 : Agilent Technologies: Company Snapshot
Table 79 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Financial Performance, 2022
Table 80 : Alpco: Company Snapshot
Table 81 : Amsbio: Company Snapshot
Table 82 : Beckman Coulter: Company Snapshot
Table 83 : Bioinspired Solutions: Company Snapshot
Table 84 : BioTime Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 85 : Biovision Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 86 : Cell Applications Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 87 : Cellink: Company Snapshot
Table 88 : Corning Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 89 : Corning Inc.: Financial Performance, 2022
Table 90 : Cyprotex: Company Snapshot
Table 91 : Cytiva: Company Snapshot
Table 92 : Cytoo SA: Company Snapshot
Table 93 : Merck KGAA: Company Snapshot
Table 94 : Merck KGAA: Financial Performance, 2022
Table 95 : Emulate Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 96 : EnvisionTec Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 97 : Epithelix: Company Snapshot
Table 98 : Greiner Bio-One International GmbH: Company Snapshot
Table 99 : Hamilton Robotics: Company Snapshot
Table 100 : HUB Organoids: Company Snapshot
Table 101 : Hurel Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 102 : Insphero: Company Snapshot
Table 103 : Invitrocue: Company Snapshot
Table 104 : Kiyatec Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 105 : LifeNet Health: Company Snapshot
Table 106 : Cytori Therapeutics Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 107 : Mattek: Company Snapshot
Table 108 : Mimetas Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 109 : Organovo Holdings Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 110 : PerkinElmer Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 111 : Plasticell Ltd.: Company Snapshot
Table 112 : Pluristem Therapeutics Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 113 : Poietis: Company Snapshot
Table 114 : Promega Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 115 : SeaHorse Bioscience: Company Snapshot
Table 116 : Stemcell Technologies: Company Snapshot
Table 117 : Stratatech Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 118 : Synvivo Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 119 : Tap Biosystems: Company Snapshot
Table 120 : Tecan Trading AG: Company Snapshot
Table 121 : Zen-Bio Inc.: Company Snapshot

List of Figures
Summary Figure : Global Market for 3D Cell Culture, by Segment, 2020–2028
Figure 1 : Research Chain for Cell Culture
Figure 2 : A Model for The Evolution of FDA Regulation
Figure 3 : 3D Cell Cultures: Market Dynamics
Figure 4 : An Innovation Matrix
Figure 5 : Bioprinting Strategic Roadmap
Figure 6 : Global Market Shares of 3D Cell Culture, by Segment, 2022
Figure 7 : Gastrointestinal Organotype Cultures
Figure 8 : iCELLis Nanoreactor: Example of Commercial 2D Cell Culture Systems
Figure 9 : Prototype of 3D Model Lung-on-a-Chip from Wake Forest
Figure 10 : Recent Photo of the HepaChip
Figure 11 : Recent Photo of the HepaChip-MWP
Figure 12 : University of Toronto Handheld Bioprinting Device
Figure 13 : Collaborative Experiment Conducted by American, Russian and Israeli Scientists
Figure 14 : Smart Marbles Concept for Quantifying Process Heterogeneity
Figure 15 : Porcine Intestinal Organoids
Figure 16 : Diagram of the Components of a Predictive Toxicology System
Figure 17 : Gleason’s Pattern
Figure 18 : Diagram of PDXs, Cell Lines and Organoid/Spheroid Xenografts
Figure 19 : Cell Heterogeneity and Its Function
Figure 20 : Global Market for Cell Culture by Region, 2020–2028
Figure 21 : North American Market for Cell Culture by Country, 2020–2028
Figure 22 : European Market for Cell Culture by Country, 2020–2028
Figure 23 : Asia-Pacific Market for Cell Culture by Country, 2020-2028
Figure 24 : ROW Market for Cell Culture by Region, 2020–2028
Figure 25 : Electron Micrograph of Porous Microcarrier for Stem Cell Production
Figure 26 : Photograph of Apligraf
Figure 27 : Abcam PLC: Financial Performance, 2021 and 2022
Figure 28 : Abcam PLC: Revenue Shares, by Country/Region, 2022
Figure 29 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Financial Performance, 2021 and 2022
Figure 30 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Revenue Shares, by Business Unit, 2022
Figure 31 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Revenue Shares, by Country/Region, 2022
Figure 32 : Corning Inc.: Revenue Shares, by Business Unit, FY 2022
Figure 33 : Corning Inc.: Revenue Shares, by Region, FY 2022
Figure 34 : Merck KGAA: Revenue Shares, by Business Unit, FY 2022
Figure 35 : Merck KGAA: Revenue Shares, by Region, FY 2022